| Term | Definition |
| Inner and outer core | What two parts is the core made out of? |
| Inner core | Which part of the earth is made of iron, with some silicon and pockets of oxygen and sulphur? |
| Outer core | Which part of the earth makes up the magnetosphere? |
| Liquid iron | What is the outer core made of? |
| Upper and lower mantle | What two parts is the mantle divided into? |
| Core | Which part of the earth is more dense: The core or the mantle? |
| Iron silica and magnesium | What is the mantle made up of? |
| Athenosphere | Which part of the earth affects plate tectonics? |
| Crust | What is the outermost layer of the earth called? |
| Sima | Oceanic crust is often called what? |
| Sial | Continental crust is often called what? |
| Basalt | What type of rock is oceanic crust (sima) made of? |
| Granite | What type of rock is continental crust (sial) made of? |
| Isostasy | This is the theory that accounts for the upward thrusting of mountains. |
| Radiometric dating | What can be defined as: a process by which the age of a substance can be determined by measuring the proportion of an isotope it contains in relation to the total amount of the given element? |
| Subduction | The movement of one plate under another is what? |
| Faulting | The movement that produces displacement of one rock mass relative to another along a fracture is known as what? |
| Folding | The distortion of the earth's crust by lateral pressure is known as what? |
| Epicenter | What is the point of the earth's surface that is directly above the center of an earthquake? |