"Unit 5 : The Political Imprint"
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Created by:
BlondieCheer33 on December 11, 2011
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Political Geography | the subdivision of human geography focused on the nature and implications of the evolving spatial organization of political governance and formal political practice on the Earth's surface |
| Political Culture | The widely shared beliefs, values, and norms concerning the relationship of citizens to government and to one another. |
| Nation | a politically organized body of people under a single government |
| Nation-State | A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality |
| State | a politically organized body of people under a single government |
| Microstate | A state or territory that is small in both size and population. |
| Nationalism | the doctrine that nations should act independently (rather than collectively) to attain their goals |
| Sovereignty | ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states |
| Boundary | an invisible line marking the extent of a state's territory |
| Boundary definition | The written legal description of a boundary between two countries or territories. |
| Boundary delimitation | The translation of the written terms of a boundary treaty into an official cartographic representation. |
| Boundary demarcation | The actual placing of a political boundary on the landscape by means of barriers, fences, walls, or other markers. |
| Enclaves | A piece of territory that is surrounded by another political unit of which it is not a part. |
| Exclaves | A bounded (nonisland) piece of territory that is part of a particular state but lies separated from it by the territory of another state. |
| Geometric Boundary | Political boundaries that are defined and delimited by straight lines. |
| Physical-political boundary | political boundary that separates territiories according to natural features in the landscpae, such as mountains, rivers or deserts. |
| Cultural-political boundary | A boundary line established for cultural breaks such as religion or faith |
| Antecedent boundary | a boundary that existed beforethe cultural landscape emerged and stayed in place while people moved in to occupy the surrounding area... |
| Subsequent boundary | A political boundary that developed contemporaneously with the evolution of the major elements of the cultural landscape through which it passes. |
| Superimposed boundary | A boundary line placed over and ignoring an existing cultural pattern. |
| Relict boundary | A political boundary that has ceased to function but the imprint of which can still be detected on the cultural landscape. |
| Geopolitics | the study of the effects of economic geography on the powers of the state |
| Organic theory | The view that states resemble biological organisms with life cycles that include all stages of life. |
| Heartland theory | a geopolitical hypothesis proposed by British geographer Harold Mackinder that states that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain strength to eventually dominate the world. |
| Rimland theory | A political theory that holds that control of Eurasia and Africa (the World Island) is achieved via control of the countries bordering the Soviet Union |
| Centrifugal force | a force that divides people and countries |
| Centripetal force | An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state |
| Colonialism | Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory. |
| Core area | The territorial nucleus from which a country grows in an area and over time, often containing the national capital and the main center of commerce, culture, and industry. |
| Multicore area | A state that possesses more than one core or dominant region, whether its economic, political or cultural. |
| Federal state | An internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government. |
| Unitary state | An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials |
| Forward capital | Capital city positioned in actually or potentially contested territory. |
| Electoral geography | The study of the interactions among space, place, and region and the conduct and results of elections. |
| Gerrymander | an act of gerrymandering (dividing a voting area so as to give your own party an unfair advantage) |
| Supranationalism | Term applied to associations created by three or more states for their mutual benefit and achievement of shared objectives |
| Law of the sea | Law establishing states rights and responsibilities concerning the ownership and use of the earth's seas and oceans and their resources. |
| Truman proclamation | A proclamation that claimed all of the natural resources on the continental shelf for the United States. |
| Median-line principle | The system of drawing a political boundary midway between two states' coastlines when the territorial seas or EEZ are narrower than twice the standard or adopted limit. |
| International sanctions | Isolate a country that behaves in a way that is deemed inappropriate by the international community |
| Exclusive Economic Zone | area in which resources found up to 200 nautical miles offshore belong exclusively to the geographically bordering country |
| Globalization | The trend toward increased cultural and economic connectedness between people, businesses, and organizations throughout the world. |
| Devolution | the process of declining from a higher to a lower level of effective power or vitality or essential quality |
| New World Order | A description of the international system resulting from the collapse of the Soviet Union in which the balance of nuclear terror theoretically no longer determined the destinies of states. |
| Ethnonationalism | The identification and loyalty a person may feel for his or her nation. |
| Gateway State | A state, by virtue of its border location between geopolitical power cores, that absorbs and assimilates cultures and traditions of its neighbors without being dominated by them. |
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