| Term | Definition |
| Streptococcal pharyngitis (Strep throat) | Streptococcus pyogenes (Group C Streptococcus aka S. equisimilis) |
| Laryngitis | Streptococcus pyogenes |
| Bronchitis | Streptococcus pyogenes |
| Streptococcal Pharyngitis with scarlet fever (Scarlatina or Rheumatic fever) | Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus) |
| Diphtheria | Corynebacterium diphtheriae |
| Sinusitis | Streptococcus pneumoniae; Streptococcus pyogenes; Staphylococcus aureus; Moraxella catarrhalis; Haemophilus influenzae; Chlamydophila pneumoniae |
| Otitis Media (ear ache) | Streptococcus pneumoniae; Streptococcus pyogenes; Staphylococcus aureus; Moraxella catarrhalis; Haemophilus influenzae |
| Bacterial pneumonia (Lobar pneumonia or Nosocomial pneumonia) | Haemophilus influenzae; Staphylococcus aureus |
| Pneumococcal Pneumonia | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| Primary Atypical Pneumonia ( Mycoplasmal pneumonia or walking pneumonia) | Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
| Klebsiella Pneumonia | Klebsiella pneumoniae |
| Ornithosis (psittacosis or parrot fever) | Chlamydophila psittaci |
| Legionnaires' Disease (legionellosis) | Legionella pneumophila |
| Tuberculosis (TB) | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Pertussis (Whooping cough) | Bordetella pertussis |
| Inhalational Anthrax | Bacillus anthracis |
| Coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) | Coccidioides immitis |
| Blastomycosis | Blastomyces dermatitidis |
| Histoplasmosis | Histoplasma capsulatum |
| Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) | Pneumocystis jiroveci |
| Dental Caries | Streptococcus mutans |
| Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease | Porhyromonas gingivalis |
| Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (trench mouth) | Treponema |
| Peptic Ulcers | Helicobacter pylori |
| Cholera | Vibrio cholerae |
| Shigellosis | Shigella dysenteriae; Shigella flexneri; Shigella boydii; Shigella sonnei |
| Traveler's Diarrhea | Escherichia coli |
| Campylobacter Diarrhea | Campylobacter jejuni |
| Salmonellosis | Salmonella enterica; Salmonella enteritidis; Salmonella typhimurium |
| Typhoid Fever | Salmonella enterica; Salmonella typhi; Salmonella paratyphi |
| Bacterial Food Poisoning (Intoxication) | Staphylococcus aureus |
| Oral Herpes (fever blisters, cold sores, herptic gingivostomatitis, herpes pharyngitis, herpes esophagitis) | Human herpes simplex virus type 1 |
| Viral Gastroenteritis | Caliciviruses (noroviruses), Astroviruses, and Rotaviruses (Reoviridae) |
| Mumps | Rubulavirus (Mumps virus) |
| Viral Hepatitis | Hepatovirus Hepatitis A virus (HAV); Orthohepadnavirus Hepatitis B Virus (HBV); Hepacivirus hepatitis C virus (HCV); Deltavirus hepatitis delta virus (HDV or delta agent); Hepevirus Hepatitis E virus (HEV) |
| Pneumonic plague | Yersinia pestis |
| Bronchitis and pneumonia | Chlamydophila pneumoniae |