Bio 112 final Part 3
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61 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Thyroid Gland | below larynx and in front of trachea |
| calcitonin | decreases blood clacium |
| parathyroid gland | located on posterior side of thyroid gland PTH increases blood calcium |
| adrenal gland | sits on top of kidney |
| pancreas | posterior to stomach |
| glueagon | increases blood gluense levels by breaking down stred glycgen |
| insulin | reduces blood sugar |
| pineal gland | in diencephalon of the brain |
| thymus gland | located in mediastinum ( just above the heart) |
| ovaries | femal pelvis |
| testes | in male pelvis |
| hemocytoblast | stem cell vond in red bone marrow |
| granulocytes | only live about 12 hours |
| universal donor | o |
| three layers of the heart | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium |
| capillaries | gases and nutrients are exchanged |
| heart valves | atria, ventricles, atrioventricular , semilunar |
| sinoatrial node (SA) | responsible for the rhythmic contractions |
| medulla oblongata | regulates autonomic impulses to the heart |
| vasaconstriction | the vessel diameter increases bc smooth muscles in the wall contract |
| vasodilation | vessel diameter increases bc the sooth muscle relaxes |
| blood pressure | measures the systolic pressure |
| influence of blood pressure | heart action, blood volume, peripheral resistance |
| function of lymphatic system | immunity, drains excess fluid from tissue spaces, absorbs fats from the from gastrointestinal tract |
| lymphatic capillaries | receive lymph or excess tissue fluid through their thin walls |
| lymphatic vessels | carry lymph toward the body collecting ducts |
| lymph nodes | contain large amounts ot lymphocytes and macrophages |
| what is found in lymph | straw, tissue fluid, water , lymphocytesm nutrients and gases , |
| digestive system | has 2 major groups |
| muscular tube structure | mucosa, submucosa, musclar and serosa |
| digestions system structures | mouth, cheesk and lips, togue, palate, tonsils,salivary glands pharynx, esophagus, stomach pancreas, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine |
| mouth | receives food |
| cheeks and lips chewing | tongue taste buds |
| palate | roof of mouth |
| salivary glands | moistens foof |
| pharynx | divides nasopharynx and oropharynx |
| esophagus | prevents backflow of food from the stomack |
| pancreas | secretes pancreatic juices |
| liver | filters waste and produces bile |
| gallbladder | stores bile |
| small intestine | absorption |
| large intestine | reavsorb water |
| organs of respiratory system | nose, nasal cavity, paranasal, pharynx,larynx, trachea, btonchial tree, lungs |
| nasal cavity | traps particles |
| paranasal sinuses | reduces weight of the skull |
| pharynx | passageway for air and food |
| larynx | prevents food from entering the traches |
| trachea | stimulates a violent coughing refex |
| lungs | three lobes on right and two on left |
| where does upper respiratory tract end | larynx |
| lower respiratory tract | begins at tracha and extends through the lungs |
| urinary system | removes metabloic wastes from blood and helps to maintain volume and composition of substances |
| kidney structure | major and minor calyces renal arteries renal veins |
| nephrons | regulates volume and composition of blood plasama , regulates blood PH and removes toxic and excss waste from the bolld |
| ureters | connects the didneys to the bladder |
| ruinary bladder | located int the pelvic cavity |
| urethra | conveys urine from bladder to the outside of the body |
| zygote | the first cell formed after the fertilization takes place |
| prenatal | time after fertilization and before birth |
| umbillical vein | carries oxygenated blood from placenta to the fetus |
| umbillical arteries | carry blood from inernal iliac arteries to the placenta |
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