forensics DNA
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 STR | 2-9 base pair DNA sequence repeated, short tandem repeat |
| SNP | one of 35-40 single stable nucleotides used for profiling |
| PCR | makes many copies of a DNA sequence, polymerase Chain Reaction |
| Restriction Enzyme | cuts DNA at a palindrome |
| Gel Electrohoresis | used to separate a mixture of DNA pieces by size |
| Nucleotide | monomer of Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA) |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
| 3 parts of a nucleotide | Deoxyribose sugar, phoshpate, nitrogen base |
| VNTR | variable number tandem repeat, STR is a short example of |
| RFLP | DNA of varying lengths made by cutting with a restriction enzyme, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism |
| DNA polymerase | enzyme that bonds nucleotides together to make DNA |
| DNA sequencing | process to determine the order of nucleotides in DNA |
| pedigree Chart | picture of a family tree |
| punnett square | diagram used to determine the possible genotypes of a couple's offspring |
| Primer | short lenth of DNA complimentary to a section of DNA, used to make a short double stranded section so DNA Polymerase can start to work |
| CODIS | combined DNA Index System = DNA database of 13 STRs |
| DNA fingerprint | an individuals unique DNA pattern of either RFLP, SNP or STRs |
| karyotype | a picture of chromosomes organized in pairs |
| chromosome | a piece of DNA (double helix) wrapped around proteins (histones) |
| gene | a portion of a chromosome that codes for a protein |
| noncoding DNA | DNA which does not have the information to make proteins |
| 5' | the end of a single DNA strand that ends with the phosphate |
| 3' | the end of a single DNA strand that ends with -OH, the end that gets built upon |
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