Chapter 6 Vocab- Holt McDougal Earth Science(Allison)
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Rock Cycle | the series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes |
| Bowen's Reaction Series | the simplified pattern that illustrates the order in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma according to their chemical composition and melting point |
| Igneous Rock | rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies |
| Intrusive Igneous Rock | rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath Earth's surface |
| Extrusive Igneous Rock | rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava at Earth's surface |
| Felsic | describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspars and silica and that is generally light in color |
| Mafic | describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in color |
| Compaction | the process in which the volume and porosity of a sediment is decreased by the weight of overlying sediments as a result of burial beneath other sediments |
| Cementation | The process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock |
| Chemical Sedimentary Rock | sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solution or settle from a suspension. |
| Organic Sedimentary Rock | sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants or animals |
| Clastic Sedimentary Rock | sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together |
| Metamorphism | the process in which one type of rock changes into metamorphic rock because of chemical processes or changes in temperature and pressure |
| Contact Metamorphism | a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to contact with magma |
| Regional Metamorphism | a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to changes in temperature and pressure over a large area, generally as a result of tectonic forces |
| Folliation | the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands |
| Nonfoliated | the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands. |
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