| Term | Definition |
|---|
| symbiosis | a close living relationship between organisms from different species |
| kinds of symbiosis | mutualistic, parasitic, commensal |
| mutualistic | a type of symbiosis where both species benefit Ex: corals and zooxanthellae; flowers and bees/butterflies |
| parasitic | a type of symbiosis where one organism benefits and the other is harmed; ex: tapeworms and mammals, mistletoe and trees |
| commensal | a type of symbiosis where one organism benefits and the other is not affected |
| characteristics of most fish | fins, gills, invertebrates, cold blooded |
| cold-blooded | body temperature adjusts according to external conditions |
| warm-blooded | generates its own heat internally therefore maintains a stable body temperature |
| entomologist | one who studies insects |
| ornithologist | one who studies birds |
| toxicologist | one who studies poisons |
| parasitologists | one who studies parasites |
| mycologist | one who studies fungi |
| herpetologist | one who studies reptiles/amphibians |
| biologist | one who studies living things |
| classifications of the 5 kingdoms | monera, protists, fungi, plantae, animalia |
| 7 hierarchies | kingdom; phylum; class; order; family; genus; species |
| unicellular | monerans vs protists |
| eukaryotic | true nucleus- cells that have a nucleus which is contained in nuclear membrane protistans |
| prokaryotic | lack a true nucleus - monerans |
| cnidarians (characteristics of) | a single, stomach-like opening; a mouth s invertebratesurrounded by stinging tentacles; |
| classification for modern human | kingdom- anamalia; phylum- chordata; subphylum- verebrata; class- mammalia; order- primates; family- homidae; genus- homo; species- sapiens |
| sessile | permanently attached, fixed in one place |
| two forms of sessile | polyp (corals, anemones) - fixed to a surface, not swimming; medusa (jellyfish) - free-floating or swimming |
| how do hard corals build reefs | the polyps secrete calcium carbonate which hardens into rock, then other polyps build on the original; calcium carbonate (CaCO3) main chemicl compound of limestone; the polyps secrete calcium carbonate which hardens ans forms a protective "cup" . More polyps build on the original structure over a period of hundreds and thousands of years causing corals to grow; zooxanthellae; an algae that lives whithin the coral polyps and give nutrients and color to the corals |
| coral bleaching | when corals eject the zooxanthellae which causes loss of color; this happens because corals are stressed by temperature changes (warmer), diseases, chemiclas, etc. |
| what are two sources of nutrition for corals | they actively feed on zooplankton (by pulling them in with their tentacles) and they get nutrients from zooxanthellae |
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