L&S R44 Review - Odyssey
About this set
Created by:
conorstanton1 on December 14, 2011
Subjects:
Classics, Western Civilization
Description:
Western Civilization ID's.
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51 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Agamemnon | greatest of Greek kings from Mycenae |
| Helen of Sparta | King Menelaus' wife |
| Flashback | way the Odyssey is told |
| Narratology | the ways stories are told. The poem itself comments on how itself and stories in general are told...relates to the importance of story-telling. |
| Duration | how long something takes in the story as opposed to the telling of the story...poem is slowing down in Ithaca and speeding up with Calypso |
| Ellipsis | skipping over years without saying anything about |
| Summary | self-explanatory |
| Scene | if everything happens at the same place (i.e. dialogue) |
| Order | Flashback/flash-forward |
| Odysseus and the poem's similarities | clever, wild, and tricky, and twisty and turny...as is the text itself... "the cunning man...the wanderer" |
| Homecoming | Paramount theme in the Odyssey, even though there are times when Odysseus doubts that. |
| Represent Pleasures and Pains of Journey | Excessively friendly characters and excessively dangerous character |
| Dactylic hexameter | Rhythm of poem |
| Repetition of adjectives | useful for meter and/or to reinforce a point |
| Episodicity | "and then I did this...and then I did this..." present in the repetitive nature of first few lines...distraction and more random |
| Teleology | the theory that deliberate, purposive activity; rather than mere chance, is involved in some process. "there's an end, there's a goal, and I'm going to get there"...driven |
| Motif of Homecoming | Ability to return is the ability to stay focused (Calypso) |
| Motif of Growing up | Telemachus learns how to stand up to others and learns how to lie |
| Importance of Athena | Athena is guiding via her wisdom. She helps the story stay on track |
| Motif of Crime and Punishment | Constantly mentioned that suitors will be punished |
| Xenia: Hospitality | Welcome by young person, Offer of water for hand washing, food, wine, ask questions, offer of a place to stay, offer of a parting gift |
| Motif of storytelling | Odysseus is like a bard in a lot of ways. He tells his story to the Phaeacians. Demodocus is a present bard in this part of the story...makes Odysseus shed a tear. |
| nostoi | means the return. Refers to the return of the Greek heroes following the war; evokes different feeling from different characters in the Odyssey including Telemachus and Penelope |
| Omens | intent of Gods disguised in signs. Halitherses interprets it with proper meaning, but Eurymachus says that it's just an eagle. |
| Explanation and use of Narrative | Explanation, Information, Deception (produce false beliefs), Persuasion (an argument or used to dissuade) i.e. story of Orestes...might cause Telemachus to do the same thing, Induce Pleasure, Induce Pain (associated with Reminding), Induce Forgetting, Induces encouragement/warning, Show justification |
| Odysseus and Penelope similarities | uniquely wily and resourceful, neither able to forget other |
| Importance of Odysseus and Penelope similarities | If either loses sight of homecoming, the story is doomed. |
| Similarities in Stories: Episodic | Stalling time: Odysseus with Calypso and Penelope with weaving |
| Similarities in Stories: Teleological | With each story Odysseus gets closer to end. Suitors try to push for an ending by having Penelope acknowledge he's dead. |
| Issues of Civilization and Law | Do certain civilizations know how to welcome strangers and be good hosts? |
| Order/Hierarchy of Civilization - Horizontal Axis | Cities - Ithaca, Plyos (Nestor), Sparta |
| Order/Hierarchy of Civilization - Vertical Axis | Characters - Immortals including Gods, Calypso and Circe, Aeolus, Phaeacians, Cicones. Characters - Mortals including lotus eaters, underworld shades, Laestrygonians, Sirens, Scylla, Charybdis |
| Harnessing Nature - What is Civilized? | Cooking, tool-making, weapons, agriculture, sail to harness winds, |
| Sex | Incestuous marriage and adultery bad, but Odysseus exempt because he has sex with immortals |
| Sacrificing Animals | Must be done for sake of Gods. Instance where Odysseus' crewmen do this with ox (thrinakia) just means they were ignorant and punished for that. |
| Other forms of Civilization | Political institutions such as assembly, arts and entertainment |
| Who else is Penelope similar to? | Athena |
| Importance of weaving | In greek, mast is very similar to the word for weave...Odysseus is plowing the sea...Athena may weave a plant for Odysseus. |
| Tenor | The Subject |
| Vehicle | way of getting subject across to you |
| Noman | Odysseus' name for himself...like a new Trojan Horse scene |
| Swineherd | Eumaeus; has also been Telemachus' father for 20 years |
| Motif of Lying | Odysseus does this frequently to attain his goals. Athena recognizes it in him. Eumaeus even recognizes that he's lying, but still cannot see the truth. |
| Issue of Authenticity | Most important part of the world can be the most alien...Odysseus trying to figure out who is loyal to him and who is not. |
| Importance of being a beggar | Odysseus has no place because Beggar's have no association whereas slaves do. There's a problem with having some authenticity...remember letting Polyphemus know his name? |
| Transparency | Because he is a beggar, Odysseus can see through everybody...ironically, this is more like the Gods! |
| Irony of being a beggar | Odysseus' means of restoring himself is denial of identity of Odysseus |
| Justification of Odysseus in general | Narrator works hard to shift the blame from Odysseus to the men in the first few lines |
| Justifications to Slaughter Scenes | 1. People had plenty of warning 2. Bad hosts and bad guets |
| Recognition | Odysseus is not recognized until Eurycleia sees his scar. Penelope is still unsure and has to wait for a sign (olive-tree bed connection that cannot be moved) |
| Time | Three generations fighting side by side...poem is unclear about passing of time only in this scene. |
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