Ms Stary and Mr. Akers Week 1 Chapter 1 Review
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77 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Tissues may function together as | Organs |
| Glands that produce hormones belong to what system? | Endocrine |
| The eyes are located where to the nose? | Lateral |
| Normal body function maintains a state of internal balance called what? | Homeostasis |
| The basic unit of volume in the metric system is the what? | Liter |
| The study of normal body structure is | Anatomy |
| Fluids contained within cells are described as | Extracellular |
| A type of feedback in which a given action promotes more of the same called | Positive Feedback |
| The cavity that contains the mediastinum is the | Ventral |
| The foot is located blank to the knee | Inferior |
| Study of body structure | Anatomy |
| Study of how the body functions | Physiology |
| Study of disease | Pathology |
| Anything that upsets the normal structure or function of the body | Disease |
| Basic unit of life | Cells |
| Specialized groups of cells | Tissues |
| Tissues that function together | Organs |
| Organs working together for the same purpose | Body systems |
| Highest level of organization | Living organism |
| What body system is the protective organs: skin, hair, nails, sweat, and oil glands? | Integumentary |
| What body system is the framework of the body? | Skeletal |
| What body system produces movement? | Muscular |
| What body system provides coordination and control of the body and interprets sensory information ( sight, hearing, taste, feeling) | Nervous |
| What body system controls the function of the glands and produces special hormones that regulate activities, such as growth, food utilization, and reproduction? | Endocrine |
| What are the two body systems that support coordination and control? | Nervous and Endocrine |
| What are the three body systems that support protection support and movement? | Integumentary,Skeletal and Muscular |
| What are the two body systems that support circulation? | Cardiovascular and Lymphatic |
| What body system pumps blood to all body tissues? | Cardiovascular |
| What body system brings fluids from tissues back to blood and aids in immunity? | Lymphatic |
| What three body systems support nutrition and fluid balance? | Respiratory, Digestive and Urinary |
| The purpose of this system is gas exchange. | Respiratory |
| The purpose of this system is digestion and absorption of nutrients;elimination of wastes. | Digestive |
| The purpose of this system is to filter the blood and forms urine. | Urinary |
| This body system is concerned with perpetuation of life. | Reproductive |
| Physical and chemical processes by which an organism is maintained. | Metabolism |
| Metabolism is divided into a breakdown phase and a building phase. What are these two phases called? | Catabolism (breakdown phase) and Anabolism (building phase) |
| Complex substances broken down into simpler compounds. | Catabolism |
| Breaking down phase of simple to complex. | Catabolism |
| Building up phase of simple compounds used to manufacture materials needed for: Growth,Function and Repair of tissues. | Anabolism |
| What is energy from the breakdown of nutrients (catabolic reactions) and "Energy currency" of the cells? | Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) |
| All bodily fluids outside the cells. | Extracellular fluids |
| What do Extracellular fluids do? | Bathes the cells, transports nutrients to and from cells and transports waste from cells. |
| What fluids are contained within the cells and also called cytoplasm. | Intracellular fluids |
| The state of internal balance is called what? | Homeostasis |
| The main method for maintaining homeostasis is what? | Feedback Mechanisms |
| There are two types of feedback mechanisms. What are they? | Negative feedback and Positive feedback |
| This mechanisms conditions are kept within a normal range by reversing any upward or downward shift is called what? | Negative feedback |
| This mechanism given action promotes more of the same until stimulus is removed or outside force stops the cycle. | Positive feedback |
| What position is it where the subject is standing upright and face front, arms at the sides with palms forward and feet parallel. | Anatomical position |
| What direction is it when it is above, higher in position? | Superior |
| What direction is it when it is lower, below ? | Inferior |
| What direction is it when it is located toward the belly or front surface? | Ventral Anterior |
| What direction is it when it is located toward the back surface? | Dorsal Posterior |
| What direction is it when it is nearer to the head? | Cranial |
| What direction is it when it is nearer to the sacral region of the spinal column? | Caudal |
| What direction is it when it is nearer to the midline of the body? | Medial |
| What direction is it when it is toward a side, away from mid-line? | Lateral |
| What direction is it when it is closer to the origin of a structure? | Proximal |
| What direction is it when it is farther from origin of a structure? | Distal |
| What plane of division creates anterior and posterior sections? | Frontal (coronal) |
| What plane of division creates right and left sections? | Sagittal |
| What plane of division is horizontal ? | Transverse |
| What are the 2 main cavities of the body? | Dorsal cavity and Ventral cavity |
| What are the Dorsal cavities two subdivisions? | Cranial cavity (contains the brain) and Spinal cavity ( contains the spinal cord) |
| What are the Ventral cavities 2 subdivisions? | Thoracic: above the diaphragm and Abdominopelvic: below the diaphragm |
| What are the 6 regions of the Abdomen? | Epigastric,Umbilical (navel),Hypogastric, Hypochondriac,Lumbar and Inguinal (iliac) |
| What are the 4 Quadrants of the Abdomen ? | Right and left upper and Right and left lower |
| What type of system is primarily to maintain homeostasis? | Negative Feedback Systems |
| What are the 3 planes in which the body can be cut? | Saggital, frontal (coronal), and transverse (horizontal) |
| What kind of plane divides the body into two equal parts? | Midsaggital plane |
| What is the posterior body cavity called? | Dorsal Cavity |
| What is the anterior body cavity called? | Ventral Cavity |
| What are the 3 central regions of the abdomen? | Epigastric, Umbilical, and Hypogastric regions |
| What are the 3 left and right lateral regions of the abdomen? | Hypochondriac, Lumbar, and Iliac (inguinal) regions |
| What is the basic unit of length in the metric system? | Meter |
| What is the basic unit of weight in the metric system? | Gram |
| What is the basic unit of volume in the metric system? | Liter |
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