Phi 102-Arguments
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10 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is an argument | A set of statements where some of the statements (premises) are offered in support of another statement (the conclusion). |
| What is the difference between an argument and an assertion? | An argument is to show that some statement is true. While an assertion is or is not true or false. |
| What is the difference between an argument and an explanation? | Chief aim of an argument is to show that some statement is true. Chief goal of an explanation is to show why some statement is true. |
| What is the difference between deductive and inductive arguments? | A deductive argument is supposed to give logically conclusive support to their conclusion. Inductive arguments are supposed to offer only probable support for their conclusions. |
| What is a valid argument? | A valid argument is an argument in which the truth of the premises would gurantee the truth of the conclusion. |
| What is a sound argument? | A sound argument is a valid argument with all true premises. |
| What is the difference between argument defeaters and counterarguments? | Argument Defeater: Aims to show that a given argument fails to adequately support its conclusion. Argument Against: Aims to show that the conclusion of an argument is false. |
| What is the difference between descriptive statements and normative statements? | Descriptive Statement: Are statements about how things ought to be. Normative statement: Are statements about how thing are or have been. |
| What are moral arguments? What do they need to succeed? Why? | A moral argument is an argument, the conclusion of which is a moral claim. For it to succeed, at least one of the premises must be a moral claim. The conclusion of a moral argument is a moral claim, and you cannot derive a claim about the ways things ought to be solely from the claims about the way things are. |
| Two ways to criticize an argument? | To show that at least one of the premises is false. To show that the premises don't adequately support the conclusion/ |
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