Morality Final
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Created by:
Jeeennifeeerrr on December 14, 2011
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84 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 abstinence | the moral virtue that tempers one's appetite or desire for food, drink, sex, or other pleasurable experiences, such as the use of tobacco and drugs |
| adultery | sexual intercourse between a man and woman who are married to other people |
| agnostic | claims ignorance about God's existence, saying it cannot be proved; "decides not to decide" |
| apostasy | the total rejection of Jesus Christ (and the Christian faith) by a baptized Christian |
| atheist | denying God's existence |
| abortion | the deliberate killing of unborn human life by means of medical or surgical procedures |
| avarice | immoderate desire for earthly goods; love of money or possessions rather than loving God and others |
| beatitudes | an attitude guiding us to follow Jesus more closely in order to achieve holiness and happiness |
| blasphemy | hateful, defiant, reproachful thoughts, words, or acts against God, Jesus, his Church, the saints, or holy things |
| canon law | the full body of officially established rules governing the Catholic Church |
| capital punishment | putting a condemned person to death |
| capital sins | moral vices that give rise to many other failures to love |
| pride | an unlimited appreciation for one's own worth; arrogance; excessively high opinion of oneself |
| envy | sorrow over another's good fortune; covetousness; jealousy over another's possessions or characteristics |
| anger (wrath) | intemperate desire for revenge; hostile and wrathful feelings toward others |
| lust | inordinate, unrestrained crazing for pleasure, especially sexual pleasure |
| gluttony | unrestrained, immoderate consumption of food or drink |
| sloth | laziness in keeping faith or practicing virtue; neglecting to do one's duties out of lethargy |
| cardinal virtues | prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance; personal habits and character strengths that direct us toward Christ-like behavior and provide discipline for our passions and emotions. |
| prudence | right reason in action |
| justice | giving God and each person his or her due by right |
| fortitude | courage to persist in living a Christian life |
| temperance | moderation in controlling our desires for physical pleasures |
| character | how we respond to the divine invitation to love God, self, and neighbor |
| chastity | the moral virtue that helps control sexual drive and expression in a way compatible to his or her state in life |
| church law | rules to live by our faith |
| common good | Sum total of social conditions that allow people, either as groups or as individuals, to reach their fulfillment more fully and more easily |
| concupiscence | An inclination toward evil caused by Original Sin |
| conscience | a practical judgement of reason that helps a person decide the goodness or sinfulness of an action or attitude. it is the subjective norm of morality we must form properly and then follow. |
| deontological | ethical theory based on duty and obligation |
| despair | losing hope that God can save us |
| divination | attempts to unveil what God wants hidden by calling up demonic powers, consulting horoscopes; the stars, or mediums; palm reading, etc. |
| divine law | the law by which God orders, directs, and governs the universe and the human community |
| euthanasia | An action or omission of an action that, by itself or by intention, causes a person's death in order to eliminate suffering |
| freedom | the power, rooted in reason and will, to perform deliberate actions on one's own responsibility |
| Fruits of the Holy Spirit | Perfections that the Holy Spirit forms in us as the first fruits of eternal glory: goodness, generosity, gentleness, faithfulness, modesty, self-control, chastity |
| free union | extended relationships where couples refuse to have their commitment formalized or sanctioned by law |
| Gifts of the Holy Spirit | God-given abilities that help us live a Christian life with God's help. Jesus promised and bestows these gifts through the Holy Spirit, especially in the Sacrament of Confirmation. The seven gifts are wisdom, understanding, knowledge, counsel (right judgment), fortitude, piety (reverence), and fear of the Lord (wonder and awe) |
| grace | a free and unearned favor from God, infused into our souls at Baptism, that adopts us into God's family and helps us to live as his children |
| Golden Rule | the teaching of Jesus that you should treat others as you would like them to treat you |
| habit | a pattern of behavior acquired through frequent repetition |
| heresy | outright denial by a baptized person of some essential truth about God and faith that we must believe |
| ignorance | not knowing what to do or not do |
| inadvertence | not paying attention, or being distracted while acting |
| justification | the Holy Spirit's grace that cleanses us from our sins through faith in Jesus Christ and baptism |
| Kingdom of God | God's peace, justice, and love that was proclaimed by Jesus and inaugurated in his life, death, and resurrection. It refers to the process of God reconciling and renewing all things through his Son, to the fact of his will being done on earth as it is in heaven. The process has begun with Jesus and will be perfectly completed at the end of time |
| magisterium | The official teaching authority of the Church. The Lord bestowed the right and power to teach in his name on Peter and the apostles and their successors |
| metanoia | Greek term for repentance, a turning away from sin with the intention of living a Christian life |
| moral object | the moral content of an action that suggests whether the action is directed toward the true good |
| moral law | the work of God's providence, that is, God's wisdom, power, and goodness |
| morality | knowledge based on human experience, reason, and God's revelation that discovers what we ought to be and what we ought to do to live fully human lives |
| mortal sin | personal sin that involves serious matter, sufficient reflection, and full consent of the will; it results in total rejection of God and alienation from him |
| natural law | the reasoned participation of humans in God's eternal law that reveals what God intends us to do and avoid according to his wise and loving plan |
| Paschal Mystery | God's love and salvation revealed through the life, passion, death, resurrection, and glorification (ascension) of Jesus Christ. The sacraments, especially the Eucharist, celebrate this great mystery of God's love. |
| papal infallibility | belief of the Roman Catholic Church that God protects the Pope from error when he speaks about faith or morality |
| perjury | false witness under oath |
| Precepts of the Church | the minimal obligations for members in good standing of the Catholic faith community |
| presumption | belief that one does not need God or that God will automatically be merciful even if one does not repent |
| purity | the state of being free from sin or moral wrong |
| divine revelation | the teachings of God as found in the scriptures and the teachings of the Church |
| sacrilege | profane or unworthy treatment of the sacraments; other liturgical actions; and persons, places, and things consecrated to God |
| schism | refusal to submit to the pope's authority or remain in union with members of the Catholic Church |
| simony | the buying or selling of spiritual goods |
| sobriety | moderation or abstinence from alcoholic beverages or the use of drugs |
| solidarity | the Christian virtue of social charity and friendship |
| sorcery | "black magic" that tries to get results using demonic powers |
| stop sign method | Search Think Others Pray |
| subsidiarily | the principle of Catholic social teaching that holds that a higher unit of society should not do what a lower unit can do as well (or better) |
| swearing | misuse of God's name in making false promises, cursing other people, or using God's name frivolously |
| teleological | concerned with the purpose or ultimate goal of something |
| Ten Commandments | a set of laws for responsible behavior, given to Moses by God |
| Theological Virtues | Three important virtues bestowed on us at baptism which relate us to God: faith (belief in and personal knowledge of God) hope (trust in God's salvation and his bestowal of the graces needed to attain it) and charity (love of God and love of neighbor) |
| venial sin | personal sin that weakens but does not kill our relationship with God |
| vice | a bad habit, such as laziness, that inclines us to choose the evil rather than the good |
| virtues | Firm attitudes, stable dispositions, habitual perfections of intellect and will that govern our actions, order our passions, and guide our conduct according to reason and faith |
| value | certain standards or qualities that we deem worthwhile or valuable |
| wrong action | there are wrong actions |
| NOT conscience | a majority opinion; a feeling; a superego; a gut-instinct; a "Jiminy Cricket;" myth |
| killing | only acceptable through self-defense |
| limits on freedom | when people do whatever they want by disregarding God's law, their own good, or the good of others then evil results |
| Maximilian Kolbe | a saint who was killed in the Auschwitz death camp; took the place of another prisoner; an inspiration for all people |
| moral intention | "the end does not justify the means" , intentions behind our actions |
| moral circumstance | who, when, where, and how of a situation |
| abortion arguments | -life begins at conception -the law is immoral; doesn't matter that it's "legal" -we don't have absolute rights over our bodies and lives -abortion is not contraceptive -the child should grow up and decide if it is worth it to live rather than be wanted -people are accountable for their actions -other moral means to control population -though the life has begun in a tragic way, we must defend innocent life; good can come from suffering -everyone has value; don't be prejudice -money < life -we have the right to defend innocent life |
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