Biology Chapter 2: MID-QUARTERS :)
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Created by:
karatanaka on December 15, 2011
Classes:
Hanalani Study Buddy Group (Sophomore)
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51 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the name of the enzyme that start the transcription process? | RNA Polymerase |
| Which RNA base takes the place of Thymine? | Uracil |
| What is the primary function of nucleic acids? | Information |
| What are the main components of proteins? | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen |
| What is the most abundant type of lipid? | Trigylcerides |
| What are "organic substances, slightly soluble in water" called? | Lipids |
| Which of the following is a polysaccharide? Galactose Lactose Fructose Starch | Starch |
| What is the process by which RNA is formed? | Transcription |
| What is the process by which disaccharides are broken down? | Hydrolysis |
| What is a monosaccharide? A) Simple sugar B) A simple carbon sugar C)Building blocks of carbohydrates D) Both A and C | D (Both a and c) |
| What are organic compounds? | Compound that contain carbon |
| What is the most abundant element in the human body? | Oxygen |
| What is the assembling of substances by living things? | Biosynthesis |
| What is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane? | Osmosis |
| what is the belief that says "life is more than the chemicals which make up living things"? | Vitalism |
| What is the state of being balanced? | Equilibrium |
| What is the term that describes the difference between the numbers of each molecule in adjacent areas? | Concentration gradient |
| which type of mixture contains large particles that settle to bottom? | Suspension |
| Which type of mixture has two phases, gel and sol? | Colloid |
| What is a solute? | Substance that is dissolved |
| what is a solvent? | Substance in which another substance is dissolved/ |
| What is a colloid? | A specialized mixture with medium-sized particles |
| Which type of energy does matter contain? | Kinetic and potential |
| Which law states that "in all natural processes, there is a net increase in disorder"? | Second law of thermodynamics |
| Which law states that "in any process, energy can neither be created nor destroyed"? | First law of thermodynamics |
| Which of the following is a physical change? A) Spray-painting your house B) Burning your house C) Ice melting D) Both A and C | D |
| what is the smallest unit of a compound? | Molecule |
| Ionic bonding creates... | Positive and negative ions |
| what are the positive particles that are located in the atom's nucleus? | Protons |
| What are the negatively charge particles that orbit the nucleus? | electrons |
| What is a pure substance that cannot be broke down in to similar substances? | Elements |
| What is the definition of chemistry? | the study of substances and the rules that govern their behavior |
| What is a substance that changes their ate of the reaction but is not transformed itself? | catalyst |
| matter is anything that occupies __________ and ________. | Space, mass |
| ___________ are composed of mostly open space. | Atoms |
| the molecular formal of compounds shows the location and number of each atom (true or false) | False |
| Matter can have both kinetic and potential energy. (true or false) | True |
| Potential energy is found in the ___________ _______ of the compounds. | chemical bonds |
| When bond between atoms break, _____ is released. | Energy |
| Catalysts affect the rate of the reaction and are absorbed into the compounds created. (true or false) | False |
| A 32% of solution of HCI/water, is 32g of HCI to 68g of water. (True or false) | True |
| _______ are formed from sequences of amino acids. | Proteins |
| ____ and ______ were the first to create a model of the DNA> | Watson and crick |
| ______ assists DNA in the formation of proteins. | RNA |
| Explain the process of hydrolysis. | D(-->M,M)+H20(---> H,OH)=M |
| Explain the process of Transcription. | RNA Polymerase start to separate DNA. Other enzymes pair the RNA nucleotides with appropriate DNA nucleotides. Once the RNA nucleotides are properly aligned, they separate from the DNA. The DNA reconnects and the RNA nucleotide chain is released. |
| Explain the process of Replication. | enzymes untwist hydrogen bonds. enzymes and nucleotides add on to base. DNA twists back to double helix. |
| Draw and label a nucleotide. | ... |
| What are four bases of DNA? | Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine. |
| What are the four bases of RNA? | Adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine. |
| List one difference between unsaturated and saturated fat. | Saturated-Unhealthy Unsaturated-Healthy |
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