sections 3.2, 8.1, and 8.2
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Created by:
walktalk1818 on December 15, 2011
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 chloroplast | capture energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy |
| upper epidermis | outer layer of skin, protects top layer beneath cuticle |
| lower epidermis | protects, contains stomata, lower section of leaf |
| cuticle | protects against water loss and injury |
| palisade layer | layer of mesophyll cells just under the upper epidermis; where photosynthesis is |
| spongy mesophyll | stores gas for photosynthesis; beneath the palisade layer; has many air spaces |
| guard cells | controlls opening and closing of the stomata by responding to changes in water pressure |
| stomata | opening in underside of leaf; allows carbon dioxide and oxygen to diffuse into and out of leaf |
| air spaces | filled with gas that plants use and expel |
| vein | transport water and nutrients; cluster of vascular tissue |
| xylem | carries water upward from the roots |
| phloem | transports nutrients and carbohydrates |
| transpiration | loss of water through its leaves |
| at night | when are stomata usually closed? |
| during the day | When are stomata usually opened? |
| capilary action | how water is transported through the xylem |
| sun | main source of energy for life on Earth |
| inorganic chemical compounds | other source that organisms can draw energy from |
| autotrophs | organisms that obtain energy from light or inorganic compounds |
| photosynthesis and chemosynthesis | two processes that producers use for using a energy source to make organic compounds |
| heterotrophs | organisms that depend on other organisms for their energy and food supply |
| food chain | series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| food web | many interconnecting food chains in an ecosystem |
| Adenosine triphosphate | what ATP stands for |
| carbohydrates(glucose) | larger energy molecule that is stored by cells to use for generating all these units of ATP energy |
| carnivore | Meat eater |
| herbivore | plant-eating |
| omnivore | plant and meat eating |
| detrivore | a scavenger, such as an earthworm, that feeds on dead plant and animal matter |
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