Quizlet

Flashcards: reaction energy (ch.16)

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thermochemistrythe study of the transfers of energy as heat that accompany chemical reactions and physical changes
calorimetersomething that measures the energy absorbed or released as heat in a chemical or physical change
temperaturea measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
jouleSI unit of heat as well as all other forms of energy
heatenergy transferred between samples of matter because of a difference in their temperatures
specific heatamount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree or one kelvin
enthalpy changeamount of energy absorbed by a system as heat during a process at constant pressure
enthalpy of reactionquantity of energy transferred as heat during a chemical reaction
thermochemical equationan equation that includes the quantity of energy released or absorbed as heat during the reaction as written
molar enthalpy of formationthe enthalpy change that occurs when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard state at 25⁰C and 1 atm
enthalpy of combustionthe enthalpy change that occurs during the complete combustion of one mole of a substance
Hess's lawthe overall enthalpy change in a reaction is equal to the sum of enthalpy changes for the individual steps in the process
entropya measure of the degree of randomness of the particles, such as molecules, in a system
free energycombined enthalpy-entropy function
free-energy change(constant pressure and temperature) defined as the difference between the change in enthalpy, and the product of the Kelvin temperature and the entropy change