Vandermeer - 8 Earthquakes and Volcanoes Chapter 8
About this set
Created by:
svandermeer on December 16, 2011
Classes:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 energy | the ability to cause change |
| earthquake | shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity |
| fault | a break in Earth's crust where masses of rock slip past each other |
| seismic wave | wave generated by an earthquake |
| focus | The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake |
| epicenter | the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake |
| seismograph | a device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through Earth |
| magnitude | measure of the energy released during an earthquake |
| tsunami | a giant wave caused by an earthquake on the ocean floor |
| seismic safe | describes the ability of structures to stand up against the vibrations caused by an earthquake |
| plates | a large section of earth's crust and rigid upper mantle that moves around on the asthenosphere |
| volcano | mountains created as liquid rock(magma) and ash erupt from inside the earth and flow onto earth's surface though a vent or opening |
| lava | magma that flows onto earth's surface |
| shield volcano | basaltic layers that build up and form a broad volcano with gently sloping sides |
| cinder cone volcano | Steep-sided, generally small volcano that is built by the accumulation of tephra around the vent. |
| composite volcano | Volcano built by alternating explosive and quiet eruptions that produce layers of tephra and lava |
| tephra | bits of rock or solidified lava dropped from the air |
| asthenosphere | the plastic-like layer of the earth which is under the lithosphere |
| rift | a deep crack in earth's surface caused by tectonic plates (divergent boundaries) where magma erupts from. |
| hot spot | a concentration of heat in the mantle capable of producing magma, which rises to Earth's surface; The Pacific Plate moves over a hot spot, producing the Hawaiian Islands |
| viscosity | a liquid's resistance to flow |
| basaltic | lava that is high in iron and magnesium and low in silica |
| fissure | cracks in earth's surface where magma oozes out |
| silica-rich magma | magma that can cause explosive eruptions that is high in silica |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.