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friedrich engels emphasized housing in his analysis of teh condition of the working class in england the WHO recognized shelter as a prerequisite for health in 1986 main issue affordable housing for people that rent why housing is important? -shelter against the elements is important -housing determines how individuals are able to carry out their lives -a platform for self identity and self expression -ripple effect, spend too much on housing, no money elsewhere issues causing health problems presence of lead, asbestos, poor heating system, lack of smoke detectors, radon, dust mites, cochroaches and cold and heat dampness and moul, high rise structures, overcrowing and high density, poor venticlation and poor housing satisfaction also implicated. heating and dampness effects on health UK study dampness contributed to respiratory illness, increasing risk of wheezing and chesty coughts children who experience overcrowded housing experience more respiratory problems -past experience effected future -specific assosciations such as indoor tap water was correlated with mortality and coronary house disease -poor ventilation and overall mortality homelessness -homeless more unhealthy -high levels of respiratory disease -alcohol and drug dependence and mental health problem -prone to suicide, accidents and violence toronto survey amonghomeless people -more respiratory ilneses, arthiritis, hypertension,rheumatism, asthma, epilepsy and diabetes 71% die younger than 70 year old compared to 30% in general population 8 times were more likely to die for men 10 times for women trends getting worse, home prices go up but income doesn't -election of 1984 conservative government began to withdraw its commitment -within 10 years 2 billion withdrawn liberal government l-end all federal involvement in affordable housing response national homelessness strategy Supporting Community Partnerships Initiative(SCPI) 753 million over three years in 2001 november the federal government signed Affordable housing framework Agreement agreed to provide 1 billion over 5 years and prvince were supposed to match -problem because market rents -not enough Recomendations 1% solution increase budgetary allocation for housing by one % food bank clients housing situations more than 50% rent some social housing very few people own spend 77% on rent income about 1000 dollars, mostly from welfare households in core housing needs vancouvar and toronto worse off and halifax social housing more in winnipeg, van and tor next social wait teimes peel ergion and toronto terrible toronto, montreal and vancouver 54% renters in MON, 46% and 45% in Van and Tor toronto, montreal and vancouver renters getting pooer in Van and Mon in terms of income but toronto included in net worth Canada's Rental Housing Sector Crisis Low vacancy rates for affordable units. Demolition and conversion of existing stock outpaces new rental housing development. Rents are increasing much faster than stagnant renter household income. Existing housing stock is aging and poorly maintained Supports and services for people ho need special assistance to access and maintain housing due to physical or mental health concerns are fragmented or non-existent Two, three, or sometimes more families are crowded into homes designed for only one family, swelling the ranks of the "hidden homeless. Federal Housing Policy During the 1990s: Cancelled all spending on desperately needed new social housing. Cut spending from existing housing programs. Downloaded its responsibility for housing programs to the provinces and territories. Locked into a downward spiral of decreasing spending three dimensions of housing relavent to health material dimensions meaningful dimensions spatial dimensions material dimensions refers to the physical integrity of the home such as the state of repair, physical, biological and chemical exposures in the home and housing costs housing costs are important because they take up most of income and cut into other things meaningful dimensions sense of belonging and control of our home, expression of social status spatial dimensions refers to a home and its immediate environment, the proximity of a home to its services, schools, public recreatuib ec ec sleeping rough more muscoloskeletal problems, more wounds, chronic chest and breathing problems Poor Housing is Related to Other Indicators of Disadvantage Health inequalities are produced by the clustering of disadvantage - in opportunity, material circumstances, and behaviours related to health - across people's lives. Isolating the Effects of Housing Deprivation on Health, Marsh, et al., 1999 Housing plays a significant role in health outcomes Greater housing deprivation shows a dose-response relationship to severe/moderate ill health at age 33 Living in poor housing in the past and in the present make independent contributions to the likelihood of having poor health Neoliberal ideology exacerbates neo liberal ideology