Science Chapter 3
About this set
Created by:
clement1193 on December 17, 2011
Subjects:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
124 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 mitochondria | they convert food to energy |
| endoplasmic reticulum | carries proteins and minerals |
| ribosomes | make the proteins the ER carries |
| golgi bodies | recieves, package, and distribute proteins among the cells |
| choroplasts | captures energy from the sun |
| vacuoles | storage areas for the proteins |
| lysosomes | break down certain materials |
| organelles | have special jobs |
| cytoplasm | surrounded by cell membrane has hereditary material |
| nucleus | directs cells functions |
| nucleolus | inside the nucleus; builds proteins |
| cell wall | ONLY in plant cell and bacteria; outer protective layer |
| cell membrane | outer layer of cell; controls what goes in and out; |
| cytoplasm | gel-like mixture surrounded by cell membrane; contains hereditary material |
| vacuole | membrane bound sac for storage, digestion and waste removal; contains water solution and helps plants maintain shape |
| nucleus | directs cells functions; like a brain; contains DNA |
| nucleolus | inside the nucleus; contains RNA to build proteins |
| mitochondria | produces energy through chemical reaction (breaking down fats and carbohydrates); controls level of water in other cell materials |
| rough ER | moves material around in cell; has ribosomes embedded in the surface |
| cell membrane | outer layer of cell; controls what goes in and out; double layer |
| ribosomes | 1000s in every cell on ER and floating through; used to make proteins for cell |
| lysosomes | break down foods |
| golgi bodies | Recieve, package, and distribute proteins and other minerals among the cells |
| cell wall | ONLY in plant cell and bacteria; outer protective layer |
| chloroplast | usually found in plant cells; contains green chlorophyll; where photosynthesis happens |
| cell | the smallest unit that is capable of performing life function |
| environment | includes all living and nonliving things around you |
| social environment | family, neighbors, educational opportunities; job opportunities |
| cultural background | the beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people |
| evaluate | determine the quality of |
| risk | the chance that something harmful may happen to your health and wellness |
| consequences | results of actions |
| benefits | positive things |
| cumulative risk | when one risk factor adds to another to increase danger |
| prevention | taking steps to avoid something |
| abstinence | the conscious, active choice not to participate in high risk behaviors; choosing not to smoke; stay away from alcohol and illegal drugs |
| technology | how people change the world around them to meet their needs and solve practical problems |
| goal of technology | improve the way people live |
| engineer | A person who is trained in and uses technological and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems. |
| society | a group of people who live together in an area and have certain things in common |
| science vs technology | science is the study of the natural world to understand how it functions. Technology, on the other hand, changes, or modifies, the natural world to meet human needs or solve problems |
| scientific inquiry | The diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on evidence they gather. |
| hypothesis | possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question |
| variables | factors that can change in an experiment |
| controlled experiment | an experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time |
| manipulated variable | the one variable that is purposely changed to test a hypothesis |
| responding variable | the factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable |
| operational definition | a statement that describes how to measure a variable or define a term |
| data | facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations |
| conclusion | A summary of what you have learned from an experiment. |
| communicating | The sharing of ideas and experimental findings with others through writing and speaking |
| scientist attitudes | curious, honesty, open, skepticism, and creative. |
| science | is a way of learning about the natural world |
| scientist | use skills such as observing, inferring, predicting, classifying and making models to learn more about the world |
| observing | using one or more of your senses to gather information |
| Quantitative observations | Observations that deal with a number or amount |
| Qualitative observation | observations that deals with characteristics that cannot be expressed by numbers |
| inferring | when you explain or interpret the things you observe |
| predicting | making a forecast of what will happen in the future based on past experience or evidence |
| classifying | The process of grouping together items that are alike in some way |
| making models | creating representations of complex objects or processes |
| life science | is the study of living things |
| Stereo Head | Two eyepieces, looking through them is like looking through a pair of binoculars, with similar controls for eyestrength correction and interpupilary distance setting |
| Eyepiece | The part of the microscope you look through. Has a 10x magnification level |
| Eyepiece diopter setting | Compensates for focusing differences between your eyes, it is very important because it helps prevent eye strain |
| Focus Knob | Moves the head of the microscope up and down to bring the objectly sharply into view. Most stereo micrsopes have only one focus knob |
| lighting | Top lighting shines down and reflects off the opaque or solid specimens; bottom lighting shines up through transparent objects. |
| Rack and Pinion | Most stero and dissecting microscopes have standard "Rack and Pinion" focusing. Turn a knob to slide the head of the micrscope up and down ( closer or farther from the specimen |
| Stage clips | For holding microscope slides or other thin objects in place on the stage |
| Stage Plate | When the specimen is placed for viewing; located directly under the objective lens. Some Stero microscopes have reversible black and white sides to provide appropriate contrast with the item being viewed |
| classification | The process of grouping things based on their similarities |
| taxonomy | the scientific study of how living things are classified |
| binomial nomenclature | the system for naming organisms in which each organism is given a unique, two-part scientific name indicating its genus and species |
| genus | a classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related organisms |
| species | A group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce |
| Carolus Linneaus | A Swedish Naturalist who made a system of naming things, called binomial nomenclature |
| prokaryote | an organism whose cells lack a nucleus and some other cell structures |
| eukaryote | organism whose cells contain nuclei. Scientists classify organism in the domain Eukarya into one of four kingdoms protists, fungi, plants, or animals |
| nucleus | the control center of a eukaryotic cell that directs the cell's activities and contains the information that determines the cell's form and function |
| protist | a eukaryotic organism that cannot be classified as an animal, plant, or fungus |
| fungi | a euraryotic organism that has cell walls, uses spores to reproduce, and is a heterotroph that feeds by absorbing food |
| plant | multicellular eukaryotes that are autotrophs and feed nearly all the heterotrophs on land |
| Cell | the basic unit of structure and function in an organism |
| Unicellular | single-celled organisms |
| Multicellular | organisms that are composed of many cells that are specialized to do a certain task |
| Stimulus | a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react |
| Response | an action or change in behavior |
| Development | the process of change that occurs during an organism's life to produce a more complex organism |
| Spontaneous generation | the mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving sources |
| Autotrophs | Organisms that make their own food |
| Heterotrophs | Organisms that obtain their energy by feeding on others |
| Homeostasis | The maintenance of stable internal conditions |
| organism | Any living thing |
| characteristics of living things | All livings things have a cellular organization, contain similar chemicals, use energy, respond to their surroundings, grow and develop, and reproduce |
| Growth | is the process of becoming larger |
| reproduction | the production of new offspring that are similar to the parents |
| chemical of life | the cells of all living things are composed of chemicals. the most abundant chemicals in cells is water. They have other chemicals called carbohydrates are a cell's main energy source. Two other chemicals protein, and lipids, are the building material of cells |
| Nucleic acid | are the genetic material - the chemical instructions that direct the cells activities |
| technology | how people change the world around them to meet their needs and solve practical problems |
| goal of technology | improve the way people live |
| engineer | A person who is trained in and uses technological and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems. |
| society | a group of people who live together in an area and have certain things in common |
| comparing technology and science | science is the study of the natural world to understand how it functions. Technology, on the other hand, changes, or modifies, the natural world to meet human needs or solve problems |
| scientific inquiry | The diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on evidence they gather. |
| hypothesis | possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question |
| variables | factors that can change in an experiment |
| controlled experiment | an experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time |
| manipulated variable | the one variable that is purposely changed to test a hypothesis |
| responding variable | the factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable |
| operational definition | a statement that describes how to measure a variable or define a term |
| data | facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations |
| conclusion | A summary of what you have learned from an experiment. |
| communicating | The sharing of ideas and experimental findings with others through writing and speaking |
| scientist attitudes | curious, honesty, open, skepticism, and creative. |
| science | is a way of learning about the natural world |
| scientist | use skills such as observing, inferring, predicting, classifying and making models to learn more about the world |
| observing | using one or more of your senses to gather information |
| Quantitative observations | Observations that deal with a number or amount |
| Qualitative observation | observations that deals with characteristics that cannot be expressed by numbers |
| inferring | when you explain or interpret the things you observe |
| predicting | making a forecast of what will happen in the future based on past experience or evidence |
| classifying | The process of grouping together items that are alike in some way |
| making models | creating representations of complex objects or processes |
| life science | is the study of living things |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.