Unit 10 personality. AP psych. part 2
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 self-actualization | according to Maslow, the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 609) |
| unconditional positive regard | according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 610) |
| self-concept | (1) a sense of one's identity and personal worth. (2) all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, "Who am I?" (Myers Psychology 8e p. 161) |
| trait | a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 613) |
| personality inventory | a questionnaire (often with true-false or agree-disagree items) on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 615) |
| Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) | the most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders (still considered its most appropriate use), this test is now used for many other screening purposes. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 616) |
| empirically derived test | a test (such as the MMPI) developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 617) |
| social cognitive perspective | views behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons (and their thinking) and their social context. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 623) |
| reciprocal determinism | the interacting influences between personality and environmental factors. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 623) |
| personal control | our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 625) |
| external locus of control | the perception that chance or outside forces beyond one's personal control determine one's fate. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 625) |
| internal locus of control | the perception that one controls one's own fate. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 625) |
| positive psychology | the scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 628) |
| self | in contemporary psychology, assumed to be the center of personality, the organizer of our thoughts, feelings, and actions. (Myers Psychology 9e p. 584) |
| spotlight effect | overestimating others' noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders (as if we presume a spotlight shines on us). (Myers Psychology 8e p. 632) |
| self-esteem | one's feelings of high or low self-worth. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 632) |
| self-serving bias | a readiness to perceive oneself favorably (Myers Psychology 8e p. 634) |
| individualism | giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 121) |
| collectivism | giving priority to the goals of one's group (often one's extended family or work group) and defining one's identity accordingly. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 121) |
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