History
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Created by:
dlinegrl73 on December 18, 2011
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76 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Government | A system for controlling society |
| Monarchy | Rule by a king/ queen |
| Aristocracy | Rule by nobles (rich) |
| Oligarchy | Rule by powerful few |
| Democracy | Rule by people (Greek) |
| Direct Democracy | All people vote on laws |
| Republic | (Rome) Representatives elected by the public to make decisions |
| Feudalism | Political system of local government based on the granting of land in return for loyalty, military assistance, and other services |
| Senate | (Rome) Make written laws |
| Cleistenes | Founder of democracy in Athens |
| Judaism | Religion of the Hebrews |
| Hebrews | Children of God with moral freedom |
| Ten Commandments | Written code of laws (1200 B.C.) |
| Christianity | Name of religion founded by Jesus; Holy Book- Bible; Christos- Greek for messiah or savior |
| Apostle Paul | Spread Christianity |
| Renaissance | !300s Italy, "Rebirth", Renewed interest in the Classical Culture |
| Martin Luther | Reformed the Church |
| Magna Carta | "Great Charter"- limited the kings authority to rule; gave rights to English people |
| Divine right | king appointed/ ordained by God; responsible only to God |
| Constitutional Monarchy | powers of ruler are limited by constitution and laws of the country |
| John Locke | people have natural rights to pursue life, liberty, and property |
| Thomas Moore | Wrote Utopia- ideal place, no greed, envy, corruption, or war, no need for money |
| Protestants | Protesting Princes |
| Peace of Augsburg | Princes agree to stop fighting. Each can decide religion in his region |
| Annul | to set aside a marriage as never happened |
| Elizabeth I | Named head of Anglican Church |
| Council of Trent | 1545- Catholic church bible interpretation is FINAL |
| Humanism | Religion that focused on MAN |
| Mr. Collyer has __ kids, and __ grandkids. | 4,4 |
| Ghazis | Warriors for Islam |
| Suleyman I | The law giver , the magnificent; helped prosper Ottoman empire |
| Jannisaries | Elite force of 30, warriors trained to be loyal to Sultan |
| Isma'il | conquered Persia at age 12; named Shah |
| Dias | Portugal- found an all water route to India, passed Italian merchants |
| Daimyo | Japanese lord; means great name |
| China | limited European contacts |
| Zheng He | Admiral that led 7 voyages, shows China's prosperity and power |
| Ieyasu | 1600 ruler of all Japan; eradicated Christians |
| Italians and Middle East Muslims | started trade after Crusades |
| Columbus | Sailed 1492 under Spain; tried to find an all water route to India; found East Indies |
| Colonies | land controlled by another nation |
| Magellan | sailed with 5 ships and 250 men; returns with 8 on 1 ship, all died including himself |
| Conquistador | conqueror |
| Cortes | conquered Aztecs in Mexico |
| Pizzaro | conquered the Incas in Peru |
| Encomienda | system of Spanish land lords with Indian laborers |
| Cartier | France, founded Montreal- 1st French settlement |
| Champlain | Founded Quebec; "Father of New France" |
| Atlantic Slave Trade | buying and selling of Africans for work |
| African slaves | did not know land, worked hard, knew farming, and were resilient to diseases |
| Colombian Exchange | global transfer of food, plants, animals, and people between Europe and Americas; LUMBER AND FISH |
| Joint-stock company | investors buy shares of stock in a company |
| Absolute Monarchy | a system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power |
| Huguenot | French Protestant |
| Boyars | Nobles who tried to rule |
| Helio-Centric | Sun-Centered theory |
| Copernicus | 1543- proposed sun centered theory |
| Scientific Method | logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas |
| Francis Bacon | English scientist- proposed method for logical testing |
| Newton | law of gravity |
| Social Contract | people allow a strong ruler while giving up some rights (NO DIVINE RIGHT) |
| 5 beliefs of philosophes | Reason, Nature, Happiness, Progress, Liberty |
| Salons | meetings in homes to hear ideas |
| Baroque | grand, ornate design, gaudy |
| 3rd Estate | 90% of people, lower class- peasants |
| Revolutionary Ideas | Liberty, Equality, Fraternity |
| Bastille Day | July 14, 1789- Angry French peasants attack Bastille and take guns and ammo |
| Congress of Vienna | conservative, reactionary meeting, led by prince metternich, restore europe to prerevolution time |
| Clemmens von Metternich | wanted balance of power |
| Napoleon | sold Louisiana in Louisiana Purchase in 1803 to America |
| Creoles | born in Latin america with Spanish parents |
| Miguel Hidalgo | Mexican priest who led peasants in call for independence and improved conditions |
| Liberal | people who wanted drastic changes in government; wanted elected parliament |
| Impressionism | used beautiful shimmering colors |
| Romanticism | a movement in literature and art during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that celebrated nature rather than civilization |
| Industrialization | the development of industry on an extensive scale |
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