Sound & Light: Chp. 2
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Created by:
Mr_McCarthy on December 19, 2011
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 larynx | Two folds of tissue that make up the human voice box. |
| elasticity | The ability of a material to bounce back after being disturbed. The greater elasticity a medium has the faster sound waves will travel in it. |
| density | The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume; mass/volume. The denser a medium is the slower sound waves will travel in it. |
| intensity | The amount of energy per second carried through a unit area by a wave. |
| loudness | Perception of the intensity of a sound. |
| decibels (dB) | A unit of measurement of loudness. |
| ultrasound | Sound waves with frequencies above the audible range of humans (>20,000 Hz). |
| infrasound | Sound waves with frequencies below the audible range of humans (<20 Hz). |
| pitch | The perception of the frequency of a sound. |
| Doppler effect | The apparent change in frequency of a sound as the source moves in relation to the listener. |
| timbre | The overall quality of a sound; the blending of the fundamental tone and overtones makes. |
| music | A set of tones and overtones combined in ways that are pleasing to the ear. |
| noise | A mixture of sound waves with no pleasing timbre and no identifiable pitch. |
| dissonance | The sound produced when notes that have no musical relationship are played together. |
| acoustics | The study of how well sounds can be heard in a particular room or hall. |
| beats | The regular changes in loudness of a sound when two sounds of different frequencies are played together. |
| ear canal | A narrow region leading from the outside of the human ear to the eardrum. |
| eardrum | A small, tightly stretched, drumlike membrane in the ear. |
| middle ear | The chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window. |
| cochlea | The fluid-filled cavity of the inner ear that transmits sound impulses to the auditory nerve when the fluid moves which causes the hairs to sway back and forth. |
| sonar | A device that determines the distance of an object (mainly under water) by recording the reflections of sound waves. |
| echolocation | The use of reflection of sound waves to navigate and to locate prey. |
| sonogram | An image formed by an ultrasound machine. |
| sound | A disturbance that travels through a medium (e.g. air, wood & water) as a longitudinal wave. |
| Speed of sound | How fast sound travels in a given medium. The speed of sound depends on the elasticity, density, and temperature of the medium. The higher the temperature a medium has the faster sound waves will travel in it. |
| resonant frequency | The frequency at which a standing wave occurs. Every object has its own resonant frequency. |
| Fundamental tone | The pitch produced by the resonant frequency. |
| overtone | A natural frequency that is a multiple of the fundamental tone's frequency. |
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