Section One: Tissues and Membranes
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Created by:
emmaelsewhere on December 19, 2011
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Epithelial | 1. Readily dividing cells held together by junctions 2. No blood vessels, but nerve cells present 3. Noncellular basal lamina lines basal surface ex: Skin Surface, Lining of GI Tract Organs |
| Connective | 1. Cells separated by nonliving matrix 2. Most types have blood vessels 3. All types derived from mesenchymal tissue ex: Bones, Tendons, Fat |
| Muscle | 1. Contractile cells for movement ex: Heart |
| Nervous | 1. Communicative cells joined to each other and other body features ex: Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves |
| Simple Squamous Epithelium | 1. Single layer of thin, flat cells 2. Extremely thin, easily damaged tissue ex: Deep in Lungs, Capillary Blood Vessels |
| Single Cuboidal Epithelium | 1. Single layer of cube-shaped cells 2. Important for absorption and secretion ex: Kidney tubules, Ducts of Glands |
| Single Columnar Epithelium | 1. Single layer of tall cells with microvilli 2. Important for absorption and secretion 3. Goblet cells secrete mucus ex: Lining of Digestive Tract |
| Stratified Squamous Epithelium | 1. Many layers of flat cells 2. Cells near surface are older and flatter 3. In our skin, outer layer is keratinized ex: Skin, Oral Cavity, Anal Canal, Vagina |
| Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium | 1. Single layer of tall cells 2. Varying levels of nuclei make the tissue appear layered 3. Cilia line the top 4. Goblet cells secrete mucus ex: In Lining of Upper Respiratory System |
| Transitional Epithelium | 1. Multiple layers of cuboidal or columnar shaped cells 2. Very stretchy 3. Cells flatten during stretching and cell layers appear to decrease ex: Lines Hollow Organs of Urinary System |
| Collagen | 1. The major structural protein of the body 2. Its fiber are similar to rope: flexible but don't stretch much 3. Good at withstanding pulling forces |
| Elastin | 1. Another common protein 2. Not strong, but easily stretch and resume original shape ex: Lungs |
| Loose Connective Tissue | 1. Fibroblast cells spaced out by their secretions of collagen and elastin 2. Contains blood vessels which nourish epithelium ex: Connects Skin to Organs |
| Dense Connective Tissue | Few fibroblast cells in matrix of thick collagen and thin elastin |
| Regular Dense Connective Tissue | 1. Very strong 2. Poor Blood Supply ex: Tendons, Ligaments |
| Irregular Dense Connective Tissue | 1. Randomly organized fibers 2. Better blood supply ex: Dermis of Skin |
| Cartilage Connective Tissue | 1. Chondrocyte cells surrounded by gel-like matrix and collagen 2. Supportive and Protective 3. No Direct Blood Supply 4. Heals slowly if damaged 5. May be replaced by bone during development ex: Nose, Ears, Between Vertebrae |
| Adipose Connective Tissue | 1. Adipocytes resemble fibroblasts 2. Cells enlarge as fat is accumulated 3. Nucleus is pushed to the side of the cell 4. Protects, insulates, stores energy throughout the body |
| Cutaneous Membrane | The Skin |
| Mucous Membrane | Line cavities and tubes that are open to the outside of the body |
| Serous Membrane | Line body cavities without openings to the outside and secrete fluid to reduce internal friction |
| Synovial Membrane | Line flexible joints |
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