| Term | Definition |
|---|
| feminism | The belief that women should have the same economic, political and social strength as men. |
| Betty Friedan | • Wrote the Feminine Mystique |
| National Organization for Women (NOW) | Organization founded in 1966 to pursue feminist goals |
| Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) | Proposed amendment to U.S. Constitution passed by Congress in 1972 but not the states. Would have given men and women the same rights and protection under the law |
| American Indian Movement (AIM) | Organization formed in 1968 to fight for the rights of American Indians. Led by Russell Means; increased pride in cultural heritage and protested govt. policies, sometimes using violence and property destruction. Movement included the standoff at Wounded Knee in 1963 |
| Cézar Chávez | Mexican-American farm worker who organized migrant and farm workers and believed in non-violent protests. |
| La Raza Unida Party | Latino political organization founded in 1970 by Jose Angel Gutierrez |
| counterculture | Movement among young people in the 1960s that rejected mainstream ideas and societal mores to create an alternate society based on peace, love and individual freedoms. (Hippies) |
| Woodstock | A free music festival featuring some of the world's most popular bands/musicians. Attracted more than 400,000 people to a farm in upstate NY in Aug. 1969. |
| OPEC | Acronym for the Oil Producing and Exporting Countries; 8-member organization of petroleum exporting countries of oil-producing nations that control the world's oil production and supply |
| Rachel Carson | Marine biologist who published Silent Spring in 1962 warning people about the use of pesticides. |
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) | Government agency formed in 1970 under Republican President Richard Nixon to set and enforce pollution standards and conduct environmental research |
| realpolitik | Foreign policy advocated by Henry Kissinger during the Nixon Administration. It's based on a nation's power rather than its ideas or moral principals. |
| détente | The flexible policy involving a willingness to negotiate an easing of tensions between the U.S. and the communist countries during the Cold War. |
| Watergate scandal | Scandal arising from the Nixon Administration's attempt cover up its involvement of bugging the Democratic National Headquarters in 1972 |
| Gerald Ford | Became president after Nixon resigned in 1973 |
| Jimmy Carter | Peanut farmer and former Georgia governor who defeated Ford in 1976 Presidential election |
| Camp David Accords | 1978 Historic agreements between Israel and Egypt reached at Camp David |
| Iran Hostage Crisis | Began on Nov. 4, 1979 when armed students seized the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, Iran and held 52 Americans hostage |
| Ronald Reagan | Former movie actor and governor of California who defeated Jimmy Carter in '80 Presidential election; |
| Supply-side economics | Economic theory stating that the govt. tax cuts would lead to increased economic activity, thereby increasing tax revenues and leading to a balanced budget |
| Iran-Contra Scandal | Began during the hostage crisis when Pres. Reagan encouraged U.S. allies to not sell arms to Iran to help fight the war against Iraq. |
| George H.W. Bush | Reagan's vice president who defeated Michael Dukakis in '88 Presidential election |
| Operation Desert Storm | •Series of non-nuclear air strikes against Iraq in '90-'91 trying to force Saddam Hussein to withdraw from Kuwait |
| Bill Clinton | Former Arkansas governor who defeated George Bush in '88 presidential election. Democrate and 1st baby boomer to become president |
| North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | 1993 treaty that lowered tariffs and brought Mexico into the free-trade zones established by the U.S. and Canada |
| George W. Bush | Former Texas governor and son of President George H.W. Bush, beat former VP Al Gore in 2000 presidential race; re-elected in '04 |
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