Institutional Corrections
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10 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Incarceration | a method of protecting society from criminals by keeping them in prisons |
| Banishment | A punishment, originating in ancient times, that required offenders to leave the community and live elsewhere, commonly in the wilderness. |
| transportation | the act of expelling a person from their native land to another land |
| workhouses | European forerunners of the modern U.S. prison, where offenders were sent to learn discipline & regular work habits |
| Walnut Street Jail | the first public institution to specifically use imprisonment as the primary method of reforming offenders |
| Pennsylvania system | An early system of U.S. penology in which inmates were kept in solitary cells so that they could study religious writings, reflect on their misdeeds, & perform handicraft work |
| Auburn system | Prison reform in 1790, based on concept that solitary confinement would induce meditation and moral reform; actually led to many mental breakdowns; Auburn system, 1816, allowed congregation of prisoners during the day. |
| Reformatory Movement | - Designed for- younger less hardened offenders, based on military model of regimentation, indeterminate terms, parole or early release for favorable progress in reformation |
| Incarceration Boom | sharp and sustained increase in the prison population and incarceration rates that began in 1975 and was fueled not only by sentencing reform and crime control but also by the War on Drugs. |
| Classification facility | A facility to which newly sentenced offenders are taken so that their security risks & needs can be assessed & they can be assigned to a permanent institution |
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