Evolution
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Created by:
emilydelalla on December 23, 2011
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 evolution | change in a kind of organism overtime: process by which modern organisms descent from acient anccestors |
| natual variation | ... |
| arttifical selection | selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation among different organisms |
| fitness | ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its enviorment |
| adaption | inherited characteristics that increase an organisms chance of survival |
| survival of the fitest | AKA natural selection |
| natural selection | process by which individuals that are better suited to their enviorment survive and reproduce |
| homologous structure | structures that have different mature forms in different organsms but develop from the same embryonic tissue |
| vestgial organ | organ that serves mo useful function in a organism |
| gene pool | combined genetic information of all the member of particular population |
| relative frequency | number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool compared with the number of times other alleles occur |
| signle cell trait | trait controlled by a single gene |
| polygenic trait | trait contolled by 2 or more genes |
| directional selection | form of normal selection in which the entire curve moves: occurs when individual at one end of distribution curve have higher fitness than individual near middle or other end |
| stabilizing selection | form of natural selevtion by which the center of the curve remains in its current possition. occurs when individual near the center of the distribution curve has higher fitness then idividual at either end have higher fitness then individuals in middle or other end of curve |
| disruptive selection | form of natural selection in which a single curve slips into 2 , occurs when indivuduals at upper and lower ends of curve have higher fitness than individuls near midde |
| genetic drift | random change in alleles frequency that occurs in small population |
| founder effect | change in allele freuqency as a result of migration of a small subgroup of a population... |
| hardy weinberg principle | principle that alleles requency in a population will remain constant unless one or more factors cause the frequency to change |
| genetic equilibrium | situation in which alleles frequncies remian constent |
| speciation | formation of new species |
| reproduction isolation | seperation of species or population so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
| behavioal isolation | form of reproductive isolation in wihch 2 populations have differences in courtship rituals or other type of behavior that prevent them from interbreeding |
| geographic isolation | form of reproduction isolation in which 2 populations are seperated physically by geographic barriers such as rivers |
| temporal isolation | formation of reproduction isolationism in which 2 populations reproduce at 2 different times |
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