| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Marxism | the economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will untimately be superseded |
| Middle Class | a class of people intermediate between the classes of higher and lower social rank or standing; the social, economic, cultural class, having approximately average status, income, education, tastes, and the like. |
| Modernization | The act of rendering modern in style; the act or process of causing to conform to modern of thinking or acting |
| Nation-State | a sovereign state inhabited by a relatively homogeneous group of people who share a feeling of common nationality. |
| Non-Aligned Nations | Developing countries that announced their neutrality in the Cold War. (p. 846) |
| Partition | a sovereign state inhabited by a relatively homogeneous group of people who share a feeling of common nationality. |
| Political reforms | Centers on eliminating campaign contributions from corporations and businesses while increasing the level of fairness in determining government grants, purchases, and contracts. |
| Proxy Wars | During the Cold War, local or regional wars in which the superpowers armed, trained, and financed the combatants. (p. 855) |
| Sanitation Systems | a series of pipes to take dirty water away from houses and businesses |
| Social Darwinism | The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion. |
| Suburbanization | The process of population movement from within towns and cities to the rural-urban fringe. |
| Suffrage | The right or privilege of voting. |
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