Earth Sciences - 5
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Created by:
mwieland2012 on December 30, 2011
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Portions of the Ogallala aquifer are located under:W) Nebraska X) the San Jaoquin valley Y) Arizona Z) Florida | W) Nebraska |
| The seismic discontinuity that marks the base of the crust of the Earth is known as the what? | Moho (M-discontinuity or Mohoroivicic Discontinuity) |
| What type of seismic wave causes the most damage during an earthquake: W) shear X) compressional Y) expansional Z) surface | Z) surface |
| What scale is based on the amount of vibration felt by people during low-magnitude earthquakes and the extent of building damage during high magnitude earthquakes? | Modified Mercalli Scale (Mercalli) |
| A sharp ridge of erosion-resistant rock formed between adjacent cirque glaciers, often forming a saw-toothed mountain ridge is known as: W) arete X) scree Y) levee Z) moraine | W) arete |
| Two common igneous rocks derived from andesitic magma are: W) andesite and alkali basalt X) diorite and andesite Y) komatite and rhyolite Z) rhyolite and kimberlite | X) diorite and andesite |
| What percentage of the earth's total volcanic activity occurs under the ocean? W) 30% X) 45% Y) 65% Z) 90% | Z) 90% |
| Which of the following is NOT true about the Earth's troposphere: W) within the layer, temperature decreases with altitude X) it is terminated by the tropopause Y) it contains the jet stream Z) within the layer, temperature increases with altitude | Z) within the layer, temperature increases with altitude |
| A wave base is defined as the depth below an ocean wave in deep water below which stirring due to wind is negligible, and is approximately equal to: W) 1/8 of its wavelength X) 1/4 of its wavelength Y) 1/2 of its wavelength Z) 3/4 of its wavelength | Y) 1/2 of its wavelength |
| A clastic particle falling within the size range of 1/16th mm to 2 mm is called: W) silt X) sand Y) clay Z) pebble | X) sand |
| The salts and ions derived from the chemical weathering of rocks are carried by a stream are part of its: W) bed load X) suspended load Y) dissolved load Z) salt load | Y) dissolved load |
| The Sahara desert in Africa is an example of what type of desert: W) subtropical X) continental Y) rainshadow Z) coastal | W) subtropical |
| Which of the following make up approximately 80% of all magma erupted by volcanoes on Earth: W) andesitic X) rhyolitic Y) basaltic Z) andesitic and rhyolitic | Y) basaltic |
| A mixture of molten rock, suspended mineral grains, and dissolved gasses that forms in the crust or mantle when temperature are sufficiently high, is a definition of what? | Magma |
| Which of the following types of plutons is a cylindrical conduit of igneous rock below a volcanic vent: W) laccolith X) dike Y) volcanic stock Z) volcanic pipe | Z) volcanic pipe |
| Trellis drainage patterns are most likely to form on: W) coastal plains X) folded terrains Y) glacial outwash Z) permafrost | X) folded terrains |
| Which body wave can travel at the greatest velocity of all the seismic waves? | P-waves (primary wave or compression/expansion waves) |
| The earth's outer core is interpreted to be liquid because: W) S-waves don't travel through liquid X) S-waves are faster than P-waves Y) S-waves don't travel through gases Z) P-waves don't travel through liquids | W) S-waves don't travel through liquid |
| Which one of the following was NOT formed by the deposition of sediment by a glacial stream: W) outwash plain K) kame Y) moraine Z) esker | Y) moraine |
| Closely spaced isobars on a weather map most directly indicate which of the following weather-related events: W) calm conditions X) windy conditions Y) a gentle pressure gradient Z) torrential rainfall | X) windy conditions |
| Approximately what percent of the water in the hydrosphere is groundwater: W) 10 X) 5 Y) 2.5 Z) less than 1 | Z) less than 1 |
| What is the term for a tidally generated wave that propagates up a relatively shallow and sloping estuary or river in a solitary wave form, the leading edge of which presents an abrupt rise in level? | Tidal bore (Bore) |
| About how many years ago is it though that the dominant ice-age cycle changed from 40,000 year periods to 100,000 year intervals with very large fluctuation: W) 200,000-400,000 X) 600,000-800,000 Y) 2 million-2.5 million Z) 4 million-4.5 million | X) 600,000-800,000 |
| Which of the following is known to have created one of the largest tsunamis, also known as a mega-tsunami: W) subterranean earthquakes X) suboceanic earthquakes Y) landslides Z) volcanic eruptions | Y) landslides |
| Neglecting any amplification effects that might be produced by shoreline irregularities, what is the tallest wave-height that can reasonably be created by an earthquake-generated tsunami: W) 3 meters X) 15 meters Y) 75 meters Z) 150 meters | X) 15 meters |
| Launched by NASA in December of 1999 as part of the EOS Terrs payload, what is the name of the instrument which provides high radiometric sensitivity that can study atmospheric, land, and ocean imaging in a single instrument that can also be custom tailored to the individual needs of the user. | MODIS (Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer) |
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