| Term | Definition |
| Agamemnon | king and leader of the Greek forces |
| Alcinous | king who listens to Odysseus' story and gives him a ship to travel home |
| Amphinomus | another suitor |
| Antinous | leader among the suitors |
| Aphrodite | goddess of love and beauty |
| Apollo | god of music, poetry, prophecy and medicine |
| Argus | a dog that Odysseus trained before leaving for Troy |
| Athena | goddess of wisdom, skills, and warfare |
| Calypso | sea nymph (minor goddess) who loves Odysseus |
| Charybdis | whirlpool that pulls ships under |
| Circe | enchantress who turns men into swine |
| Cronus | Father of Zeus |
| Discord | God who causes a fight between the goddesses over who is the most beautifu |
| Eumaeus | old swineherd and friend of Odysseus |
| Eurylochus | crewmember |
| Eurylochus | sailor who persuades the others to eat the Sun God's cattle |
| Eurymachus | suitor |
| Eurynome | housekeeper for Penelope |
| Helen | woman given to Paris as a bribe for choosing Aphrodite as the most beautiful goddess |
| Helios | Sun God |
| Hermes | herald and messenger of the gods |
| Laertes | Odysseus' father |
| Lampetia | nymph |
| Odysseus | heroic leader of the sailors, king of Ithaca |
| Penelope | Odysseus' wife |
| Perimedes | member of Odysseus' crew |
| Persephone | wife of Hades |
| Polyphemus | Cyclops |
| Poseidon | god of the sea, earthquakes and storms at sea and father of the Cyclops |
| Scylla | six-headed monster |
| Sirens | women whose songs lure men to their deaths |
| Telemachus | Odysseus' son |
| Tiresias | blind prophet who tells Odysseus how to get home |
| Troy | city where Paris takes Helen |
| Zeus | King of the Gods |