| Term | Definition |
| sectionalism | regional loyalty |
| diverse economy | an economy that is based on many industries rather that just a few |
| free state | a state that did not allow slavery before the Civil War |
| slave state | a state that allowed slavery before the Civil War |
| tariff | a tax on imports |
| States Rights | the idea that the states, not the national government, should have the final say on all laws |
| fugitive | someone who escapes from the law |
| Underground Railroad | a system of secret escape routes that led enslaved people to free land |
| secede | to leave |
| Confederacy | the states that left the Union to form their own national government called the Confederate States of America |
| border state | a state located between the North and the South that permitted slavery but had not seceded |
| artillery | large mounted guns such as a cannon |
| civil war | a war between people in the same country |
| strategy | a long-range plan made to reach a goal |
| emancipate | to free |
| prejudice | an unfair feeling of dislike for members of a certain group because of their background, race, or religion |
| relevant | something that relates to a subject |
| irrelevant | something that does not relate to a subject |
| essential | information that is needed to understand a subject fully |
| incidental | information that does not affect your understanding of a subject |
| verifiable | information that can be proved |
| unverifiable | information that cannot be proved |
| address | a short speech |
| assassinate | murder in a sudden or secret attack |