| Term | Definition |
|---|
| selection | The choosing of organisms with the most desireable traits for mating |
| inbreeding | the mating of closely related individuals to obtain desired characteristics |
| outbreeding | mating of individuals who are not closely relate to introduce new beneficial alleles |
| hybrid vigor | special traits found in hybrid crosses of two close species |
| recombinant DNA | DNA produced by joining DNA from two different sources |
| plasmid | small circular piece of DNA found in bacteria. They replicate during every cell division |
| polymerase chain reaction | process for making many copies of DNA from one small copy |
| restriction enzymes | special protein that cuts DNA after certain base sequences |
| biotechnology | the use of modern technology to study living things, including DNA |
| clones | group of organisms that have the exactly same genes |
| cloning | the production of clones of organisms that normally reproduce sexually |
| inerferon | a rare protein that helps humans fight off viruses |
| gene therapy | to correct genetic defects by transferring normal genes to cells that lack them |
| transduction | living bacteria take DNA from dea bacteria and translate it |
| gel electrophoresis | used to seperate and indentify genes in DNA fragments |
| PCR | used to make copies of DNA fragments |
| the human genome project | attempt to sequence all of the human DNA |
| transgenic bacteria | donor gene ( ex.insulin) removed from human DNA using restriction enzyme, insulin gene inserted in plasmid opened with the same restriction enzyme, insulin gene inserted in plasmid (recombinant DNA now), plasmid reintroduced into bacteria (host cell), bacteria produces insulin |
| transgenic plants | plants are infected with bacteria whose plasmids usually cause tumors (galls) in plants. The tumor producing gene is inactivated and the bacterial plasmid insead only introduces the desired donor gene |
| transgenic animals | DNA can be injected directly into the cells or host genes can be replaced (knocked out) with donor gene |
Combine with other sets
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