AP Human Geography: Chapter 6: Religion, Key Terms
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57 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Activity space | The space in which one goes about their daily life. |
| Animism | belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life |
| animistic religion | A religion that is based off of the idea all things have souls. |
| Autonomous religion | A religion that doesn't have a main person in power, they cooperate and praise informally. |
| Backmasking | A recording technique in which a sound or message is recorded backward on to a track that is meant to be played forward |
| Blood Libel | A false accusation that religious minorities, typically Jewish, murder children to use their blood in certain aspects of their religious rituals and holidays. |
| Branch | A large and fundamental division within a religion |
| Buddhism | A widespread Asian religion or philosophy, founded by Siddhartha Gautama in northeastern India in the 5th century BC. |
| Caste system | a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity |
| Christianity | The religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth or beliefs and practices. |
| Confucianism | A Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. |
| Cosmogony | a set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe |
| Denomination | a division of a branch that unites a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body. |
| Diaspora | The dispersion of any people from their original homeland |
| Diocese | A district under the pastoral care of a bishop in the Christian Church |
| Eastern Orthodox Church | The body of modern churches, including among others the Greek and Russian Orthodox, that is derived from the church of the Byzantine Empire, adheres to the Byzantine rite, and acknowledges the honorary primacy of the patriarch of Constantinople. |
| ethnic religion | Religion that is particular to one, culturally distinct, group of people |
| Feng Shui | A Chinese system of geomancy believed to use the laws of both Heaven (Chinese astronomy) and Earth to help one improve life by receiving positive qi. |
| Fundamentalism | A literal interpretation and a strict and intense adherence to basic principles of a religion |
| Genocide | The diliberate killing of a large group of people in a particular group or culture. |
| Ghetto | A part of a city especially a slum area occupied by a minority group of people |
| Hajj | In the Islam religion every healthy Muslim who has adequate financial resources is expected to take a pilgrimage to Makkah, |
| Hearth | The place from which an innovation originates. |
| Hierarchical religion | A religion in which a central authority exercises a high degree of control. |
| Hinduism | World's third-largest religion, but 97 percent of Hindus are concentrated in India. Hindus believe that it is up to the individual to decide the best way to worship God. |
| Immorality | The failing of maintaining moral standards. |
| Interfaith boundaries | Boundaries between religion and government. Usually an agreement with a stated goal to protect faith and freedom by respecting individual rights. |
| Intrafaith boundaries | The boundaries between the world's major faiths. |
| Islam | The youngest of the major world religions, it is based on the teachings of Muhammad |
| Jihad | A holy war undertaken by Muslims against nonbelievers, as a religious duty. |
| Judaism | The religion that originated out of Israel, and is classified as an ethnic religion. |
| Minarets | A distinctive feature of a mosque where a man known as a muzzan summons people to worship. |
| Missionary | a person sent by a religious community to promote their beliefs and ideas so that they may get more followers in their religion |
| Monotheism | Is the belief in the exsistence of only one god. |
| Monotheistic religion | Monotheism (from Greek &) is the belief in theology that only one deity exists. The concept of "monotheism" tends to be dominated by the concept of God in the Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, Islam, etc. |
| Pagan | The words for a follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times, derived from Latin word for countryside, of or relating to such people or beliefs |
| Pilgrimage | A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes. |
| Polytheism | The belief in or worship of more than one god. |
| Polytheistic religion | This is the belief of multiple deities, usually assembled into a pantheon of gods and goddesses, along with their own mythologies and rituals. |
| Protestant | An adherent of any of those Christian bodies that separated from the Church of Rome during the Reformation, or of any group descended from them. |
| Religion | The belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, esp. a personal God or gods. |
| Religious extremism | Ideology or practical act far outside of the perceived religious practices of a society. |
| Religious fundamentalism | A belief in a strict adherence to a set of basic principles (often religious in nature), sometimes as a reaction to perceived doctrinal compromises with modern social and political life. |
| Roman Catholic Church | The largest Christian church, lead by the Pope. This mostly dominates Southern Europe and South America. |
| Santeria | A syncretistic religion originating from the Caribbean. It is the worship of Orisha (translated as "head guardian" ) it also includes customs from Roman Catholicism. |
| Sacred sites | A location that is held by a certain religion to be holy and worthy of reverence, such as a temple. |
| sect | A group with distinctive religious, political, or philosophical beliefs. Although in past it was mostly used to refer to religious groups, it has since expanded and in modern culture can refer to any organization that breaks away from a larger one to follow a different set of rules and principles. |
| Secularism | Denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual backgrounds. |
| Shamanism | A person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of good and evil spirits. |
| Shari'a laws | Moral code and religious laws of Islam |
| Shi'ite | An important branch of Islam. Live in Iran, Pakistan, and Iraq |
| Shintoism | The distinct ethnic religion of Japan |
| Solstice | Time when the Sun is farthest from the equator. |
| Sunni | This is an Islam religion and is the largest branch of Islam. |
| Taoism | refers to a philosophical or religious tradition in which the basic concept is to establish harmony with the Tao (道), which is the mechanism of everything that exists |
| Universalizing religion | A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location. |
| Zionism | A Jewish political movement that, in its broadest sense, has supported the self-determination of the Jewish people in a sovereign Jewish national homeland. |
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