| Term | Definition |
|---|
| archipelago | a group of islands grouped closely together |
| isthmus | a small strip of land connecting two larger bodies of land; the opposite of a strait |
| cape | a narrow, curved area of land extending into an ocean or lake |
| plain | a broad, level area of land |
| glacier | a large ice mass that moves slowly down a mountain or over land |
| volcano | an opening in the earth, usually raised, through which lava and gasses from the earth's interior escape |
| harbor | a sheltered area of water, a safe docking place for ships |
| island | a body of land surrounded by water |
| strait | a narrow strip of water connecting two large bodies of water; the opposite of an isthmus |
| steppe | A vast semiarid grass-covered plain, as found in southeast Europe, Siberia, and central North America |
| desert | a dry area that receives almost no rain and in which few plants grow |
| savanna | a region containing scattered trees and vegetation |
| oasis | a spot of fertile land in a desert, fed by water from wells or underground springs |
| cliff | the steep, almost vertical, edge of a hill, mountain, or plain |
| plateau | a broad, flat area of land higher than the surrounding land |
| mountain range | a series of more or less connected mountains ranged in a line |
| tributary | a stream or river that flows into a larger river |
| canyon | A deep valley with steep sides, often with a stream flowing through it |
| cataract | a large, powerful waterfall |
| mesa | a wide flat-topped mountain with steep sides, found mostly in dry areas |
| delta | a triangular are formed by deposits at the mouth of a river |
| valley | low land between hills or mountains |
| flood plain | flat land near the edges of rivers formed by mud and silt deposited by floods |
| river mouth | the place where a river flows into a lake or ocean |
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