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What is the definition of information superiority? Information superiority is the degree of dominance in the information domain which allows friendly forces the ability to gain, exploit, disseminate, attack, and defend information without effective opposition. Information operations are made up of what three capabilities? Electronic warfare, Network warfare, and Influence operations Which domain is influence operations (IFO) focused on affecting? cognitive domain What operational activities comprise influence operations? a. Psychological operations. b. Military deception. c. Operations security. d. Counterintelligence operations. e. Public affairs operations. f. Counterpropaganda operations. Which activity seeks to induce, influence, or reinforce perceptions, attitudes, reasoning, and behavior of foreign leaders, groups, and organizations in a manner favorable to friendly national and military objectives? Psychological operations What is electronic warfare? Any military action involving the use of electromagnetic or directed energy to manipulate the electromagnetic spectrum or to attack the adversary. Electronic warfare affects what frequencies and or regions within the electromagnetic spectrum? Radio frequencies and the optical and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Which of the electronic warfare activities enhances the use of the electronic spectrum for friendly forces? Electronic protection What is the definition of network warfare operations? Network warfare operations are defined as the integrated planning, employment, and assessment of military capabilities to achieve desired effects across the interconnected analog and digital network portion of the battlespace. What three activities comprise network warfare operations? - network attack - network defense - network warfare support What activity is used to deny the enemy use of their networks? Network attack Which network warfare operations activity is planning, directing, and executing responses to unauthorized activities in defense of AF information systems? Network defense State the four capabilities known as integrated control enablers (ICE). - ISR, network operations (NetOps), predictive battlespace awareness (PBA), precision navigation and timing (PNT) Which ICE capability provides three-dimensional positioning data and a standard timing source that allows coordinated and accurate force application? Precision navigation and timing List some range of military operations (or MOOTW) where IO may be employed. IO may be employed in non-crisis support or military operations other than war (MOOTW) such as humanitarian relief operations (HUMRO), noncombatant evacuation operations (NEO) or counterdrug support missions Before IO activities can be planned, what should be provided to commanders and staffs? The current "state" of the information environment must be collected, analyzed, and provided to commanders and their staffs. Why must IO be seamlessly integrated with normal campaign planning and execution processes? Because of the synergy IO is capable of providing military operations. List the phases of the intelligence cycle. (1) Planning and direction (2) Collection (3) Processing and exploitation (4) Analysis and production (5) Dissemination and integration (6) Evaluation and feedback Which phase of the intelligence cycle acquires information about the adversary and battlespace and provides that information to intelligence processing and exploitation elements? Collection Which phase of the Intelligence cycle communicates how well the various intelligence operations perform to meet the commander's intelligence requirements? Evaluation and feedback (TRUE or FALSE) System ownership is more important than the information being conveyed. False Airborne ISR platforms may be employed using what two techniques? Standoff and penetrating What systems enjoy relative immunity from enemy actions? Space-based Where are the two continental core DCGS sites located? DGS-1 Langley AFB, VA DGS-2 at Beale AFB, CA ____________ between all sites gives them all the capability to support any theater. interconnectivity What serves as a JFACC/CFACC's operations command center? The AOC (TRUE or FALSE) AOC's manning is solely based on manpower provided by the US Air Force. False List the most common divisions found in an AOC. - Strategy - Combat Plans - Combat Ops - ISR - Air Mobility The SIDO is normally a part of which division? Combat Ops Division What function does the Special Operations Liaison Element (SOLE) provide to the AOC/JFACC? The SOLE provides the JFACC the ability to coordinate, integrate and deconflict SOF air, surface, and subsurface operations with joint air, space and information operations. List items of information contained in an ATO? The mission types (for example whether it is a close air support mission or an interdiction mission). the specific targets to be struck. the specific units tasked to do the job. when the target should be struck. the kinds of aircraft or assets to be used to strike the targets. the mission numbers. the kinds of weapons to be used to do the job. Why is it important to produce both an ATO and SPINS? Because the SPINS contain information not otherwise available in the ATO, but is necessary for its implementation. Who is the JFACC's lead for issues related to the command and control (C2) of ISR capabilities? Chief, ISR Division (CISR) Which ISRD team is responsible for target development and Tactical Assessment (TA) for the AOC in support of JFACC objectives? Targets/TA team Describe distinct features of the Imagery Support Element (ISE). Provides access into the Distributed Common Ground System (DCGS) architecture. Provides limited exploitation of imagery and GMTI feeds. Can serve as a back up exploitation node. NTI integrates ________ into the AOC processes. The national cryptologic process (TRUE or FALSE) PBA and IPOE are terms often correctly used as interchangeable terms for the same process. False What are the four steps of Intelligence Preparation of the Operational Environment (IPOE)? 1. Define the battlespace environment 2. Describe the battlespace's effects 3. Evaluate the adversary 4. Determine the adversary's COAs Explain the first step in the IPOE process. This step defines the intelligence problem and identifies specific features in the environment, activities within it, and the space where they exist that may influence available COA or the commander's decisions for further analysis. What is the primary purpose for step 2 of the IPOE process? The primary purpose of this step is to determine how the battlespace affects both adversary and friendly operations. What are the two types of targeting? deliberate and dynamic List the 6 phases of the air targeting process. Find Fix Track Target Engage Assess What is the term used to describe when, where, how, and against whom military force is used? Rules of Engagement (ROE) (TRUE or FALSE) Commanders may designate a target as restricted to strikes if friendly forces anticipate the planned use of said target. True (TRUE or FALSE) Collateral damage results from the intentional targeting of non-military targets. False List the six color-coded categories that are used in maps and found within the marginal data of a Joint Operations Graphic. a. Black Names and man-made features b. Blue Water and water features c. Brown Topography d. Green Vegetation. e. Red Road class and special information f. Purple Aeronautical features The maximum elevation figures is based on? information available concerning the highest known feature in each quadrangle, including terrain and obstructions (trees, towers, antenna, etc.) Hill and valley shading on maps is an effect that is created by artificially illuminating a map from the _________________ corner of the map. northwest (TRUE or FALSE) Man-made structures on a map are called cultural features? True What line divides the northern and southern hemispheres? equator What are the two types of coordinate systems used by US armed forces? Geographic Coordinates and Military Grid Reference System An MGRS coordinate with ten digits has an accuracy of _________ meter(s). One The MGRS is based on the UTM and uses the ____________ as its unit of measure. Meter (011) Name the three integrated employment capabilities of IO. - Influence ops - Network warfare ops - Electronic warfare ops (012) This capability is designed to affect behaviors, protect operations, communicate commander's intent and project accurate information to achieve desired effects across the cognitive domain. Influence Operations (012) Which domain is considered the area of human action which pertains to mental processes such as intellectual, learning, and problem solving? Cognitive (012) This operation is information gathered and activities conducted to protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted by or on behalf of foreign governments or elements thereof, foreign organizations, or foreign persons or international terrorist activities? Counterintelligence (012) Which AF organization supports influence operations through CI that is designed to detect, destroy, neutralize, exploit or prevent espionage activities through identification, manipulation, deception, or repression of the adversary? Office of Special Investigations (OSI) (013) This is the collecting of electromagnetic data for immediate tactical applications. Electronic warfare support (014) Airmen on computer networks have determined and reported to their commander the apparent intrusion of the AF networks by a known hacker and appropriate countermeasures are taken. This is an example of Net Defense (014) Which NW Ops activity requires close coordination with signals intelligence collection, processing, exploitation, and dissemination? Network Warfare Support (NS) (015) This is a critical function that helps provide the commander the situational and battle space awareness necessary to successfully plan and conduct operations. ISR (015) What encompasses information assurance, system and network management, and information dissemination management? NetOps (016) What type of operation may be employed during the pre-conflict phase of information operations? Broadcasting deceiving information into the enemy's territory. (017) There are _______ phases of the intelligence cycle. Six (017) Embedded at the air component command level, an Airman working here would provide a supported commander critical interaction with NSA. AFNTI (018) An aircraft performing surveillance against a target while in international airspace is employing what technique to gather information? Standoff techniques (020) Which division within the AOC would concentrate on long-range and near-term planning to achieve theater objectives? Strategy Division (020) Which division within the AOC is responsible for near-term air and space operations planning within 48 hours prior to ATO execution? Combat Plans Division (020) You and Captain Jones are on the offensive ops team and checking the ATO to make sure there are packages assigned to each target. What division are you working for? Combat Operations Division. (020) An Army brigade commander has requested resupply and a C-17 has been tasked. Your job is to ensure the mission was executed. What AOC team are you in? Air Mobility Control Team (020) Under which division within the AOC would you find the ATO Production Team? Combat Plans Division (021) Who is the AOC's primary producer of actionable intelligence in support of air, space, and information operations? ACF (021) What team has the overall responsibility of producing the RSTA annex and coordinating with JFC collection managers regarding national collection? ISR Operations (021) What support element provides direct exploitation support to the AOC, and may be tasked to serve as a backup exploitation node? Imagery Support Element (ISE) (022) Which situational awareness is needed to develop patterns of behavior, constraints, and opportunities of geography, topography, cultures, environment, and forces that allows us to misdirect, predict and pre-empt our adversaries? Predictive battlespace awareness (PBA) (023) What type of targeting is the procedure for attacking targets that have been detected, identified, and developed in sufficient time for them to become part of a scheduled ATO? Deliberate (023) HUMINT sources have tipped off the AOC that a known insurgent group is building Improvised Explosive Devices and plan on placing them on established US patrol routes. What phase of the kill chain would ISR assets be engaged in? Find (023) During which targeting process phase are collateral damage and ROE restrictions reviewed? Target (023) What is the most important step in the air targeting process? Commander's objectives, guidance, and intent (023) What targeting restriction includes legitimate military targets, but ones for which damage would impede friendly operations or violate existing ROE? Restricted targets (023) What targeting restriction includes schools, churches, hospitals, embassies, and other important cultural landmarks? No-strike facilities (024) Information that symbolizes bodies of water and drainage features is represented by which color? Blue (024) Aeronautical symbols are for the specific purpose of air navigation and planning air operations are shown in purple (024) Runways may be represented by a pattern and have the following information runway surface; elevation above mean sea level; length of the longest runway (in hundreds of feet). (024) Vertical obstructions must be at least this tall? 200 feet (024) This is the height of the highest known feature in a section of the map. Maximum Elevation Figure (024) What shows the geographic area that a map covers? Location diagram (025) _______ is the vertical angle from the equator while _______ is the angle measured from the prime meridian. latitude; longitude (025) The prime meridian is a north-south line and the zero reference line for which observations? Astronomical