Music Notes
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Created by:
madison7dickey on January 5, 2012
Description:
Materials of Music
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107 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Conjunct | Music that moves in small intervals. |
| Disjunct | Music that is conprised of large leaps. |
| Melody | Main musical line that is typically what you remember. |
| Contour | Up and down motion of the music. |
| Interval | Distance between two notes. |
| Range | Distance between the highest and lowest note. |
| Musical Phrase | Smaller part of the full melody. |
| Phrase | Short part of the entire musical idea. |
| Cadence | Finishing point for the musical line. |
| Duple Meter | strong/weak |
| Triple Meter | Strong/Weak/weak |
| Compound Meters | Combine duple and triple meters. |
| Additive Meters | Mix duple and triple into even beat lengths. (2+3)(2+2+3) |
| Non metric | Music that has no meter. |
| Harmony | Describes the "vertical" nature of music, or how notes sound when played together. |
| Chord | Three or more pitches played together. |
| Triad | The most common type of chord and it is based on the notes of a scale (do, mi, sol). |
| Scales | In western music most scales are either major or minor and the predominate note is considered tonic. |
| Consonance | Notes that sound pleasing together. |
| Dissonance | Notes that do not sound pleasing together. |
| Octave | The octave is a consonate interval and it forms a major or minor scale. |
| Half Step | Distance from one note to the very next. |
| Whole Step | Two half steps. skips one note in between. |
| Major Scales | WWHWWWH |
| Minor Scales | WHWWHWW |
| # | raises the pitch by a half step |
| b | lowers the pitch by a half step |
| Tonic Chord | Conprised of the 1st, 3rd, and 5th notes on a scale. |
| Dominant Chord | Conprised of the 5th, 7th, and 9th notes on a scale. |
| Subdominant Chord | Starts at the 4th scale degree. (4,6,8) |
| Modulation | When music changes its tonality or key in the middle. |
| Transposition | When every note in the piece is moved equally up or down. |
| Pentatonic Scale | A 5-note scale |
| Microtonal Scale | Scales that are created by using non-traditional intervals. |
| Monophonic | Single melodic line of music. (no harmony) |
| polyphonic | many melodic lines at the same time. |
| Homophony | one melodic line with chordal accompaniment. |
| Homorythmic | unified rythms (hymns) |
| Form of a musical piece | the way in which it is organized. |
| Binary Form | Two part form (A-B) |
| Ternary Form | Three part form (A-B-A) |
| Theme | A full musical thought. |
| Motive | Part of a musical thought. |
| Sequence | Repetition of a motive that if often used to change pitch. (Modulation) |
| Ostinato | Repeated rythmic idea. |
| Drone | Long bass tone that supports a melody. |
| Tempo | Used to describe the speed of a piece. It can be defined using beats per minute. |
| Grave | solemn (very, very slow) |
| Largo | Broad (very slow) |
| Adagio | Quite slow |
| Andante | A Walking pace |
| Moderato | Moderate |
| Allegro | Fast (cheerful) |
| Vivace | Lively |
| Presto | Very Fast |
| Accelerando | speed increase |
| Ritardando | speed decrease |
| p | Piano=soft |
| f | forte=loud |
| TImbre | The property of an instrument to sound different from something else. This can be subtle or very dramatic. |
| Register | the relative highness or lowness of an instruments range. |
| Soprano | upper range for women |
| Alto | lower range for women |
| Tenor | upper range for men |
| Bass | Lower range for men |
| Mezzo-soprano and Baritone | mid range classifications for women and men. |
| Woodwinds | Most produce a sound by vibrating a cane reed. Various keys are pushed to change pitches. |
| Flute | woodwind, no actual reed, vibrates a column of air. |
| Clarinet | woodwind, single reed, wooden body |
| Saxophone | woodwind, single reed, body is made of metal. |
| Oboe | woodwind, small double reed instrument, has two reeds that work to vibrate the air column, upper range. |
| Bassoon | Woodwind, double reed, similar to oboe, lower range. |
| Brass instruments | Produce a sound by "buzzing" the lips into a mouthpiece, most have three valves that can change the length of the tube when they are depressed. |
| Trumpet | Brass Instrument, high register |
| french horn | brass instrument, upper/middle register |
| Trombone | brass instrument, lower register, instead of valves it has a slide that lengthens the vibrating air column. |
| Tuba | brass instrument, lowest register instrument of the brass family. |
| String Instruments | played by strumming the strings. |
| violin | string instrument, played by dragging a bow across the strings. |
| cello | string instrument, four strings, lower range string instrument. |
| Guitar | string instrument, 6 strings, but can have 12. |
| Percussion instruments | produce sounds by being struck, some instruments are definite pitch and some are indefinite pitch. |
| Definite pitch | exact note |
| Indefinite Pitch | unpitched instrument |
| Marimba | percussion, bars are struck to produce different pitches. |
| Xylophone | percussion, produces pitches in a high register. |
| Kettle Drum/Timpani | percussion, definite pitch |
| Drum Set | collection of drums and cymbals that are played as if they are one single instrument, indefinite pitch. |
| Cymbals | indefinite pitch, metallic instrument. |
| Bass drum | percussion, has a drumhead and jingles. |
| Piano | both a sting instrument and a percussion instrument. Often called a keyboard instrument. |
| Aerophones | vibrating air column |
| Chordophones | Vibrating string |
| Idiophones | vibration of the whole instrument body. |
| Membranophones | Vibrating a skin surface (drumhead). |
| Pinna | outside of ear that funnels sound into canal. |
| eardrum/tempanic membrane | vibrates and moves hammer, anvell, and styrup. |
| hammer, anvellm and styrup | three small bones that vibrate fluid in ear. |
| Pianissimo (pp) | very soft |
| Piano (p) | soft |
| Mezzo Piano (mp) | moderately soft |
| mezzo forte (mf) | Moderately loud |
| forte (f) | loud |
| fortissimo | very loud |
| Crescendo | (<) growing louder |
| decrescendo/diminuendo | (>) growing softer |
| sforzando (sf) | forcing accent on a single note or chords. |
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