Global studies ch 2,4,
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Hemisphere | Each half of the globe |
| Equator | The imaginary line that divides the Earth into north and south halves |
| Prime meridian | The imaginary line that divides the Earth into east and west halves |
| Global positioning system | A devise that uses satellites to give an exact location |
| Continents | Landmasses above the water on Earth that fit together like a huge jigsaw puzzle. |
| Solar system | The sun and 9 planets as well as other celestial bodies that orbit the sun. |
| Core | The center of the Earth that is made up of iron and nickle. |
| Mantel | The part of Earth surrounding the core that has several layers and makes up most of the Earth's mass. |
| Magma | molten rock |
| Crust | The thin layer of rock at the Earth's surface |
| Atmosphere | The layer of gases surrounding the Earth |
| Lithosphere | The solid rock portion of the Earth that includes the crust and uppermost mantel |
| Hydrosphere | Is made up of the water elements on earth and includes oceans, seas, rivers, lakes and water in the atmosphere. |
| biosphere | The part of the earth were plants and animals live. |
| Continental drift | The hypothesis by Alfred Wagner, that the Earth was once on super continent, called Pangaea, and slowly divided and drifted apart. |
| Hydrologic cycle | The continues circulation of water between the atmosphere, oceans and Earth. |
| Continental shelf | The Earths surface from the edge of a continent to the deep part of the ocean |
| Relief | The difference in elevation of a landform from its lowest point to its highest |
| Topography | The combination of the surface shape and composition and their distribution in a region |
| Tectonic plate | Enormous moving pieces of the Earth's lithosphere |
| Fault | A fracture in the Earth's crust created by pressures exerted by plate movement |
| Earthquake | A violent movement of the Earth created when tectonic plate grind or slip past each other at a fault |
| Seismograph | A special device that measures the size of the waves in an earthquake |
| Epicenter | The point directly above the focus of an earthquake |
| Richter scale | Uses information collected by seismographs to determine the relative strength of an earthquake |
| Tsunami | A giant wave in the ocean created by an earthquake |
| Volcano | A crack in the Earth's surface that magma, water and gasses pour out of |
| Ring of fire | A zone around the rim of the Pacific ocean that is the location of the vast majority of active volcanoes. |
| Weathering | The physical and chemical process that change the characteristics of rock on or near the Earth's surface |
| Erosion | Occurs when weathered material is moved by the act of wind, water, ice or gravity |
| Glaciation | is the changing of landforms by slowly moving glaciers |
| Culture | The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed down by the members of a specific group |
| Society | A group that shares a geographic region, a sense of identity, and a culture |
| Ethnic group | A specific group that shares a language, customs and a common heritage |
| Innovation | Taking existing technology and creating something new to meet a need |
| Diffusion | The spread of ideas, inventions or patterns of behavior |
| Religion | Belief in a supernatural power, or powers, that are regarded as the creators and maintainers of the universe. |
| Monotheistic | Religion with belief in one god |
| polytheistic | Religion with belief in many gods. |
| animistic | Religion with belief in divine forces in nature |
| Birth rate | The number of live births per thousand population |
| Fertility rate | Shows the average number of children, women of childbearing age would have in their lifetime. |
| Morality rate | The number of deaths per thousand people. |
| Population pyramid | A geographic devise that shows gender and age distribution of a population. |
| Push pull factors | Factors that cause people to leave their homeland and migrate somewhere else. |
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