| Term | Definition |
|---|
| alopecia | baldness |
| melanin | a brownish black pigment, is produced in the epidermis by specialized cells called melanocytes |
| albino | a person with an absence of color |
| erythema | is a reddish color of teh skin that can be caused by either burns or a congestion of blood in the vessels |
| jaundice | yellowish discoloration of teh skin, can indicate bile in the blood as a result of liver or gallbladder disease |
| cyanosis | is a blusih discoloration of the skin cause by insufficient oxygen |
| macules | flat spots on the skin, such as freckles |
| pustules | pus-filled sacs such as those seen in acne or pimples |
| wheals | itchy, elevated areas with an irregular shape |
| athlete's foot | contagious fungal infection that usually affects the feet |
| melanoma | most dangerous type of skin cancer |
| dermatitis | an inflammation of the skin, can be caused by any substance that irritates the skin |
| eczema | is a noncontagious, in flammatory skin disorder caused by an allergen or irritant |
| 15% | the skin accounts for this much of total body weight |
| dermis | true skin |
| epidermis | the outermost layer of skin |
| hypodermis | the innermost layer of skin |
| sudoriferous, sebaceous | the integumentary system has 2 main types of glands |
| sudoriferous glands | sweat glands |
| sebaceous glands | oil glands |
| blood vessles DILATE | from excess heat from the blood can escape through the skin |
| blood vessels CONSTRICT | the heat is retained in the body |
| 206 | how many bones does the adult human body have |
| long bones | bones of the extremities (arms and legs) are called |
| periosteum | outside of bone is covered with a tough membrane |
| axial skeleton | forms the main trunk of the body/ is composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs and breatbone |
| appendicular skelton | forms the extremities and is composed of the shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvis girdle, leg bones |
| skull | what is composed of the cranial and facial bones |
| cranium | is the spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain |
| fontanels | soft spots |
| vertebrae | the spinal column is composed of 26 bones called the |
| true ribs | first seven pairs are called? because they attach directly to the sternum |
| sternum | is the last bone of the axial skeleton |
| clavicles,scapulas | teh shoulder or pectoral, girdle is made up of ? |
| clavicles | there are two,(collarbones) |
| scapulas | there are two,(shoulder bones)they provide for attchment of the upper arm bones |
| humerus | upper arm |
| radius | lower arm on thumb side that rotates around the ulna to allwo hand to turn freely |
| ulna | larger bone of lower arm |
| femur | thigh |
| patellaa | kneecap |
| tibia | the larger weight bearing bone of the lower leg(shin bone) |
| fibula | slender smaller bone of the lower leg |
| joints | are areas where two or more bones join together |
| ligaments | connective tissue bands to help hold bone together |
| arthritis | is actually a group of diseases involving in flammation of teh joints |
| fracture | is a crack or break in bone |
| simple or closed | complete break of the bone with no damage to the skin |
| compound or open | bone breaks and ruptures through the skin, creates an increase chance of infection |
| dislocation | is when a bone is forcibly displaced froma joint |
| sprian | when a twisting action tears the ligaments at a joint |
| osteomyelitis | is a bone inflammation usually caused by a pathogenic organism |
| osteoporsis | increased porosity or softening of the bones |
| ruptured disk | also called a herniated of slipped disk, occurs when a intervertebral disk ruptures or protrudes out of place and causes pressure on the spinal nerve |
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