| Term | Definition |
|---|
| personification | The attribution of human qualities to object , animals , abstract ideas |
| hyperbole | Deliberate exaggeration |
| metaphor | An implied comparison between tow unlike things, |
| clustering | a brainstorming technique for discovering connection among ideas by writing a topic in the center of a page and then clustering related topics and subjects around the center term as they come to mind |
| rhetorical question | A question asked for effect,with no expectation of an answer |
| critical reading | A proses for systematically and thoughtfully approaching a text to understand its literal and implicit meaning and arrive at a judgment about it. |
| comma splice | An error in which two independent clauses are joined by a comma without a coordinating conjunction |
| planning | The early stage of writing ,when a writer generates idea,develops a thesis, plans a structure , and consider the use of visuals |
| plagiarism | the use of someone else's words. ideas, or other original work without acknowledging its source.plagiarism is,in effect,the theft of someone else's intellectual property |
| sexist language | Language that demeans or stereotypes women or men based on their sex |
| primary source | A firsthand account of an event or research.Examples of primary sources include letters,contemporary newspaper account of events, a research's lab notes . and historical data like that found in census records. |
| peer review | the structure in which student respond to each other's work at different stages in the writing process |
| editing | a stage of the writing process in which writers polish sentences and paragraph for correctness,clarity, and effectiveness |
| bias | in argument, a sometimes unstated positive or negative inclination that effects and limits a writer's objectivity |
| fallacies | mistakes in logic and reasoning |
| active voice | the form of transitive verb in which the subject of the sentence is doing the acting |
| revising | a stage of writing process in which the writer reviews the whole paper and its part , adding, deleting, moving, and editing text as necessary |
| annotation | the proses of taking notes on the who,what,how, and why of a work while reading or examining it carefully |
| simile | a comparison, using like or as, of two unlike things |
| synthesize | to bring together and make connections between things. Synthesis is an important element in critical thinking,reading, and writing |
| connotation | the secondary , or implicit, meaning of a word that derives from the feeling and images that evokes |
| evoke | to bring to mind a memory or feeling, especially from the past |
| stereotype | a simplified image or generalization about the members of a racial,ethic, or social group |
| citation | the identification and acknowledgment of the source of information or ideas presented in a paper |
| sentence fragment | an incomplete sentence that is treated as if it were complete, with a capital letter at the beginning and a closing punctuation mark |
| articles | the words A, AN, and THE . A and AN are indefinite articles and THE is a definite articles |
| passive voice | the form of a transitive verb in which the subject of the sentence is acted upon |
| denotation | the primary , or dictionary, definition of a word |
| drafting | a stage of the writing process that involves developing and honing a paper through a series of versions |
| hone | to bring something to a state of increased intensity, excellence, or completion |
| person | the form of a verb or pronoun that indicates whether the subject of a sentence is speaking or writing(first),is spoken or written to( second), or is spoken or written about (third) |
| figurative language | an imaginative expresion,usually a comparison, that amplifies the literal meaning of other words |
| parenthetical citation | source information placed in parentheses in the body of a paper |
| cliche | an overworked expression or figure of speech |
| parallelism | the presentation of equal ideas in the same grammatical form: individual terms with individual terms, phrases, and clauses with clauses. |
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