4th Six Weeks Vocabulary
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Created by:
martinez17 on January 6, 2012
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Adage | a familiar proverb or wise saying |
| Antecedent | a word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers |
| Aphorism | a concise statement that expresses succinctly a general truth or idea, often using rhyme or balance |
| Apostrophe | a figure of speech in which one directly addresses an absent or imaginary person, or some abstraction |
| Balanced sentence | a sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast |
| Bathos | insincere or overly sentimental quality of writing/speech intended to evoke pity |
| Chiasmus | a statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed ("Susan walked in, and out rushed Mary.") |
| Cumulative sentence | a sentence in which the main independent clause is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases (main clause is at the beginning) |
| Deductive reasoning | reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.) |
| Didactic | having the primary purpose of teaching or instructing |
| Epigram | a brief, pithy, and often paradoxical saying |
| Epigraph | a saying or statement on the title page of a work, or used as a heading for a chapter or other section of a work |
| Homily | a sermon, or a moralistic lecture |
| Inductive reasoning | deriving general principles from particular facts or instances ("Every cat I have ever seen has four legs; cats are four-legged animals"). |
| Literary license | deviating from normal rules or methods in order to achiever a certain effect (intentional sentence fragments, for example). |
| Litotes | a type of understatement in which an idea is expressed by negating its opposite (describing a particularly horrific scene by saying, "It was not a pretty picture.") |
| Malapropism | the mistaken substitution of one word for another word that sounds similar ("The doctor wrote a subscription.") |
| Maxim | a concise statement, often offering advice; an adage |
| Parenthetical | a comment that interrupts the immediate subject, often to qualify or explain |
| Pedantic | characterized by an excessive display of learning or scholarship |
| Romantic | a term describing a character or literary work that reflects the characteristics of Romanticism, the literary movement beginning in the late 18th century that stressed emotion, imagination, and individualism |
| Solecism | nonstandard grammatical usage; a violation of grammatical rules |
| Syllepsis | a construction in which one word is used in two different senses ("After he threw the ball, he threw a fit.") |
| Synedoche | using one part of an object to represent the entire object (for example, referring to a car simply as "wheels") |
| Synesthesia | describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound") |
| Vernacular | the everyday speech of a particular country or region, often involving nonstandard usage |
| Dissonance | harsh, inharmonious, or discordant sounds |
| Elegy | a formal poem presenting a meditation on death or another solemn theme |
| Frame device | a story within a story. An example is Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, in which the primary tales are told within the "frame story" of the pilgrimage to Canterbury |
| Metonymy | substituting the name of one object for another object closely associated with it ("The pen [writing] is mightier than the sword [war/fighting].") |
| Philippic | a strong verbal denunciation. The term comes from the orations of Demosthenes against Philip of Macedonia in the fourth century. |
| Surrealism | an artistic movement emphasizing the imagination and characterized by incongruous juxtapositions and lack of conscious control |
| Trilogy | a work in three parts, each of which is a complete work in itself |
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