| Term | Definition |
| lister | scientist that discovered that microorganisms caused disease |
| pathogens | organisms that cause disease |
| infectious disease | caused by the presence of a living thing within the body |
| pasteur | showed that microorganisms cause certain kinds of disease |
| koch | demonstrated that each infectious disease is caused by a specific type of pathogen |
| bacteria, virus, fungi, and protists | four groups of pathogens |
| bacteria | one-celled microorganisms that cause food poisoning, strep throat, and tetanus |
| virus | tiny particles that cause colds, the flu, and sore throats |
| fungi | molds and yeasts that cause athlete's foot and ringworm |
| protist | cause of disease that cause malaria, african sleeping sickness, and amebic dysentery |
| people, soil, food, water, and contaminated objects and animals | ways pathogens can infect humans |
| people | spread through physical content such as kissing and shaking hands, can also be spread through indirect content such as sneezing |
| soil, food, and water | food poisoning in soil and pathogens can contaminate food or water |
| contaminated objects | people can come into contact with pathogens by using objects |
| contaminated animals | spread through bites |