Musculo-skeletal disorders
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 A fracture | is a break in he bon, and the tissues around the fracture, including muscles, blood vessels, nerves, and tendons, are usually injured |
| A closed fracture | simple fracture means that the bone is broken but the skin is intact |
| An open fracture | compound fracture means that the broken bone has come out through the skin |
| reduction | the bone ends are brought into normal position to help the broken bone heal |
| closed reduction | involves moving the bone back into place, without opening the skin |
| open reduction | involves surgery - the bone is exposed and brought back into alignment |
| traction | reduces and immobilizes fractures |
| traction also used | to prevent muscle spasms, correct or prevent deformities, and relieve pressure on a nerve |
| the neck, arms, legs, or pelvis by using weights, ropes, and pulleys | traction is applied to |
| the skin by using tape, a boot, or a splint an by attaching weights to the divice | skin traction is applied to |
| directly to the bone by inserting wires or pins through the bone | skeletal traction is applied |
| hip fractures | are commen in older adults, espetially in older women |
| osteomyelitis | is the inflammation or infection of the bone marrow often caused by Staphylococcus bacteria |
| any acute localized pain, redness, drainage, fever, and malaise (tiredness) | Symptoms which can indicate osteomyelitis |
| gangrene | a condition in which there is tissue death - is caused by infection, frostbite, burns, injuries, and circulatory disorders (blood flow disorders) |
| osteoporosis | is a bone disorder in which the bone becomes porous and brittle and breaks easily |
| arthritis | joint (arther) inflammation (itis) |
| means swelling, redness, heat, and pain | inflammation |
| arthroplasty | surgical replacement of a joint to relieve pain and restore joint motion |
| osteoarthritis (OA) | is the most common form of arthritis, which tends to occur in people after 40 and becomes more common with increasing age |
| the weight-bearing joints - the hips, knees, ankles, and spine | OA usually affects |
| Heberden's nodes | spurs are common in the fingers |
| tylenol or special arthritic madications as wll as cold or heat applications, weight loss and low-fat diet, a cane or walker, measures to prevent falls, elevated toilet seats | treatment for osteoarthritis involves |
| rheumatoid arthrites (RA) | is a chronic and progressive disease. It is usually occur in people between the ages of 25 and 50. |
| juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) | RA occurs in children and can affect the children's growth and development |
| with the smaller joints in the fingers, hands, and feet and moves on to the larger joints | RA usually starts |
| to maintain joint motion, control pain, and prevent deformities | RA treatment goals are |
| range-of-motion exercises | ROM |
| fibromyalgia | is a condition associated with aching, stiffness, and fatigue in muscles, ligaments, and tendons and often affects the neck, shoulders, upper back, lower back, and hips |
| scleroderma | is a rare chronic disease caused by excessive deposits of a callogen in the skin and other organs |
| gout | metabolic arthritis is a disease caused by the accumulation of uric acid in the cartilage of a joint, especially in the tendons |
| severe and sudden pain, swelling, redness, warmness, and stiffness of the joint and possibly a low-grade fever | the signs and symptoms of gout |
| lupus | is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the body |
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