| Term | Definition |
| Humanism | The view that humans are important individuals and should focus on their life. |
| Vernacular | The common language of a group of people. |
| Perspective | The technique used in Renaissance art to make paintings look more realistic and three dimensional. |
| Heresy | Speaking out against the teachings of a specific religion. |
| Seminary | Schools that were created to educate priests. |
| Renaissance | A rebirth of interest in Greek and Roman culture that took place in the early 1400s. |
| Indulgence | A pardon that people could purchase from the Catholic Church to be forgiven for their sins. |
| Denomination | The branches of Christianity that formed as a result of the Reformation. |
| Predestination | The idea that from birth it has been already been determined if a person will go to heaven. |
| Theology | The study of religion. |
| Reformation | This movement led to the creation of the Protestant faiths. |
| Secular | The interest in the earthly world rather than the spiritual or religious life. |