| Alcalde | the chief official of a Spanish town |
| Ayuntamiento | city councel |
| Conquistador | Spanish soldier who sought riches and power for the themselves, and wealth and glory for Spain |
| Council | a group of advisors |
| Friar | A member of a catholic religious order |
| Mestizos | a person of mixed blood, usually Spanish and Native American |
| Mission | a religious settlement |
| Presidio | a Spanish military outpost |
| Pueblo | a native American village with joined, flat-roofed buildings |
| Stockade | an enclosure of posts made to form a defense |
| Viceroy | a governor who rules as a representative of a king or sovereign |