| Term | Definition |
|---|
| mineral | naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a crystal-like structure |
| element | pure substance that can't be separated into simpler substances in any way |
| atom | smallest part of an element that has all the properties of tat element |
| compound | a pure substance made of 2 or more elements, that are chemically joined |
| crystal | a solid, geometric form of a mineral produced by a repeating of patterns, usually translucent |
| silicate mineral | contains combo of silicon + oxygen |
| nonsilicate mineral | does not have silicon + oxygen |
| luster | way a mineral reflects light |
| streak | color of a mineral in powdered form |
| cleavage | tendency of a rock to break on flat surfaces |
| fracture | tendency of a mineral to break along uneven surfaces |
| hardness | resistance to scratching |
| density | amount of matter in a given space |
| ore | mineral deposit big and pure enough to make a profit when mined |
| reclamation | returning of land to original state after mining is done |
| rock | solid mix of crystals of 1 or more minerals or other materials |
| rock cycle | how one rock type changes to another |
| magma | made when rock melts, hot |
| composition | makeup of rock, describes things in it |
| texture | size, shape, + position of grains the rock is made of |
| igneous rock | rock that forms from cooling of magma |
| sedimentary rock | rock that forms when sediments are put together |
| metamorphic rock | rock forms when texture and composition of old rock changes due to heat or pressure |
| intrusive | type of igneous rock, forms when magma cools on earth's surface |
| extrusive | type of igneous rock, forms when lava or pyroclastic material cools on earth's surface |
| strata | layers of sedimentary rock that form from deposit of sediment |
| stratification | layering of sedimentary rock |
| foliated | when metamorphic rock's grains are aligned like the pages of a book |
| nonfoliated | when metamorphic rock's grains are scattered randomly |
| what are some ways to identify a mineral | color, luster, streak, cleavage, fracture, hardness, density |
| fossil | any naturally preserved evidence of life |
| permineralization | when minerals fill in spaces in an organism's tissues |
| petrification | occurs when organism's tissues are replaced by minerals |
| trace fossil | naturally preserved evidence of animal's activity |
| coprolites | preserved poo from animals |
| mold | a cavity i the ground or rock where a plant or animal was buried |
| cast | when sediment fills a mold and becomes rock |
| geologic time scale | diveides 4.6 billion years of earth's history into intervals of time |
| eons | largest division of geologic time |
| eras | 2nd largest division of geologic time |
| periods | 3rd largest division of geologic time |
| epochs | smallest and 4th largest divisions of geologic time |
Combine with other sets
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