| Term | Definition |
|---|
| flapper | a 1920s term used to describe a new type of young women; rebellious, energetic, and bold |
| jazz age | term used to descrbie the 1920s music |
| harlem renaissance | african american literary awakening of the 192s centered in harlem |
| bootleggers | term used to describe a supplier of illegal alcohol during prohibition |
| speakeasies | bars that operated illegally during the time of prohibition |
| scopes trial | 1925 court case in which clarence darrow and william jennings bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schools |
| communism | official idealogy of the soviet union, characterized there by complete governmenship of land and property, single-party control of th government, the lack of individual rights |
| speculation | the practice of making high-risk investments in hope of gettin a huge return |
| buying on the margin | an option that allowed investors to purchase a stock for only a fraciton of its price and borrow the rest |
| hoovervilles | term used to describe a makeshift nameless shelter during the early years of the great depression |
| dust bowl | term used to describe the central and soutehrn great plains in the 1920s when the region sustained a period of drought and dust storms |
| new deal | president franklin roosevelt's relief, recovery, and reform programs designed to combat the great depression |
| hundred days | period at the start of FDR's presdency in 1933, when many New Deal programs were passed by congress |
| public works programs | government-funded projects to build public facilities |
| civilian conservation corps | established by congress in 1933, this program put more than 2.5 million young men to work restoring and maintaining forests, beaches, and parks |
| agricultural adjustment administration | established in 1933 to raise farm prices through government financial assistance |
| tennesse valley authority | federal project to provide inexpensive electrical power, flood control, and recreational opporutnities to the Tennessee river valley |
| second new deal | period of legistlature activity launched by FDR in 1935 |
| wagner act | law passed in 1935 that aided unions by legalizing collective bargaining and closed shops and by establishing the National Labor Relations Board |
| social security system | system established by the 1935 social security act to provide financial security in the form of regular payments to people who cannon support themselves |
| facism | political philosophy that emphasized the importance of the nation of an ethnic group and the supreme authority of the leader over that of the individual |
| nazism | an extreme form of facism shaped by hilter's fanatical ideas about german nationalism and social superiority |
| blitzkrieg | kind of warfare emphaisizing rapid and mechanized movement; used by germany during wwII |
| cash and carry | WWII policy requiring nations at war to pay cash for all non military goods and to be reponsible for transporting the goods from the US |
| selective training and service act | 1941 law requiring all males aged 21-36 to register for military service |
| GIs | term used for american soldier in WWII, derived from the "government Issue" |
| lend lease act | 1941 law that authorized the president to aid only nations whose defense he believed was vital to american security |
| office of war mobilization | federal agency formed to coordinate issues related to war production during wwII |
| victory garden | a home vegetable garden created to boost food prodution during WWII |
| D Day | code named for the allied invasion of france on June 6, 1944 |
| battle of the bulge | WWII battle in which german forces launched a final counter attack in the west |
| anti semitism | hostility or discrimination towrads jews |
| holocaust | nazi germany's systematic attempt to murder all european jews |
| genocide | organize killing of an entire people |
| nuremberg trials | series of trials in 1945 conducted by an international military tribunal in which former nazi leaders were charged with crimes against peace |
| manhattan project | secret american program during wwII to develop an atomic bomb |
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