1.
1st Dynasty: New Kingdom
2.
2nd Dynasty: Middle Kingdom
a period of change
second illness: hyksos
chariots and arrows
3.
3 major dynasties of Korea: silla, koryo, choson
4.
3rd Dynasty: "old kingdom"
mummification
pyramids
first illness, crops die, starvation occurs
5.
5 Traits of Civilization: growth of cities
specialized workers
advanced technology
complex institutions
writing
6.
70% of korea: mountains
7.
Abu Bakr: muhammad's father-in-law
8.
acculturation: blending of two or more cultures
9.
Africans: people who arrived in the americas on ships. forced to work for people they have never meant. 11 million brought to americas
10.
ahimsa: nonviolence
11.
ahisma: the principle of non violence
12.
Akhenaton: changed egyptian religion, worship aton only, closed all temples of amon.
13.
Akhenaton: challenged Egyptian religion
14.
Allah: God
15.
Amon: most powerful egyptian god
16.
Amon: most powerful egyptian God
17.
Amorites: king hammurabia
FOUNDATION OF OUR LEGAL SYSTEM
18.
Ancient Mesopotamia: "land between two rivers"
19.
Asoka: most honored Maurya emperor
20.
Assyrians: iron age= stronger weapons
no mercy, precise!
iron weapons
KING ASSURBANIPAL
21.
Astronomy: study of stars
22.
Atman: hindu belief of essential self
23.
atman: a person's essential self
24.
Aztecs: wandering nomadic warriors
legend of huitzilopocholi
tenochtitlan
sun comes out of hell
settled on lake texococo
25.
Babylon: ancient capital of Iraq (chaldeans)
26.
Brahman: a spiritual power present in all things
27.
Brahman, Vishnu, Shiva: hindu gods
28.
Brahmins: priest in aryan society
29.
Buddhism: 4 noble truths
1. everything in life is suffering and sorrow
2. cause of pain= self-centered desire
3. end pain= end desires
4. end desire by following 8 fold path
30.
Buddhists rejected...: the caste system
31.
caliph: successor to muhammad
32.
calligraphy: writing in an elegant form
33.
Caste: a social group into which a hindu person is born into
34.
Chaldeans: babylon
KING NEBUCHADNEZZAR
hanging gardens
astrology
astronomy
phases of the moon
35.
Chandragupta Maurya: forged an indian empire
36.
characters: written symbols
37.
Chavin: the earliest culture in the andean civilizations
38.
chinampas: artificial islands made up of mud piled atop reed mats that were anchored to the shallow lake
39.
Choson Dynasty: hangul= alphabet
increased literacy roles
40.
civil servants: officials in the government
41.
Confucius: social order= good government
42.
Conquerer of the aztecs: hernan cortes conquered moctezuma
43.
conquerer of the incas: pizza conquered atihualalpa
44.
Creoles: american born descendants of spanish and portuguese settlers. owned land, ran ranches and plantations. make huge profits from slave labor
45.
Cuneiform: sumerian earliest form of writing
46.
Daoism: "natural order"
power in wisdom
be closer to nature
the way= follow the tao
47.
Deccan plateau: desert
48.
decimal system: numbers based on ten digits
49.
Dharma: duty or role in life (india)
50.
dharma: a person's religious and moral duties
51.
dharma: religious and/or moral duties of an indiviidual
52.
dowry: payment to the bridegroom
53.
Eight fold path: "right views, right aspirations, right speech, right conduct, right contemplation, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness
54.
expansionism: expanding a country's territory
55.
Fertile Crescent: med sea
persian gulf
tigris river
euphrates river
56.
feudalism: a system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owned military service and other forms to support the ruler
57.
Filial Piety: respect for elders
58.
Five Pillars of Islam: 1. declaration of faith
2. daily prayer
3. alms for the poor
4. fast during ramadan
5. hajj (pilgrimage)
59.
Four Noble Truths: 1. all life is full of suffering
2. the cause of something is non virtue
3. the only cure for suffering is to overcome non virtue
4. the way to overcome non virtue is to follow eight fold path
60.
Ganges River: sacred river in india
61.
Gangetic plain: lies just south of the himalayas
watered my might rivers: the indus, and the ganges
62.
Genghis Khan: ruler of the mongols
sent spies to research
"ruler of all between oceans"
63.
golden age: age of cultural achievement
64.
Hammurabi's Code: eye for an eye
diff punishments for diff crimes
gov responsible for its people
65.
Han Dynasty: restored confucianism
national universities
civil service exams
great silk road
buddhism restored and welcomed
66.
Hanfeizi: legalism was based on the teachings of this person
67.
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro: twin cities of the civilization or cities that ruled the area one after the other.
68.
Heian Court: painted faces white.
women and men valued women
courtship: men write poetry
69.
Hernan Cortes: malinche "dona maria" helped him take over the aztecs
mistook him as the "medicine man"
70.
Hideyoshi: came from the streets and took power away from peasants
71.
Hieroglyphics: ancient egyptian form of communication
72.
Hinduism: 4 basic ideas
1. one true reality
2. one aspect of brahmin
3. nothing that lives ever dies
4 moksha
73.
Ieyasu: banned christianity
converted 1,000 people
god above everything else
tortured and killed christians
74.
In indian art, the wheel symbolizes....: cycle of death and rebirth
75.
Inca: CUZCO
terrace farming
quipo= knotted string
machu picchu
76.
Indian Caste System: mouth of god= brahmins (priests)
arms= kshatriyas (army and rulers)
legs= vaishyas (artisans, merchants, doctors, everyone except slaves)
feet= shudras (slaves)
77.
Indra: aryan god of war
78.
Indus River: pakistan
79.
Islam: "submit to God"
80.
jihad: struggle in god's service
81.
joint family: parents, children, and their offspring shared a common dwelling
82.
KA: Eternal Spirit
83.
KA: Eternal Spirit (Third Dynasty) Egypt
84.
Kaaba: the temple that was believed that abraham had built to worship the one true god
85.
kalidasa: greatest gupta poet and playwright
86.
Kamoses: Drove out the invaders (First Dynasty)
87.
karma: all the actions of a person's life that affect his or her fate in the next life
88.
Kemet: black earth
89.
King Assurbanipal: King of the Assyrians, largest library, Nineveh was the largest city, no mercy!
90.
King Cyrus: King of the Persians, tolerant and respectful
91.
King Darius: divided his empire into provinces
satrap, mayors/ governors
92.
King Darius: 10,000 immortals, problems with succession, inherited the Fertile Crescent
93.
King Hammurabia: King of the Amorites, Hammurabi's Coe, foundation of American gov.
94.
King Nebuchadnezzar: King of the Chaldeans, hanging gardens, astronomy, astrology.
95.
King Tut: reversed father's laws, wealthiest tomb, most famous
96.
Koryo Dynasty: woodblock stamps
celadon= blue/green glaze
perfected chines
porcelain process
mongols invade
(KOREA'S NAME)
97.
kshatriyas: warriors in aryan society
98.
Kublai Khan: ruled like a chinese emperor
valued civilization
attacked japan
99.
Largest cities (mayans): uxamal
palenque
tikal
100.
Legalists: stress punishment
more than rewards
highly efficient and powerful
forms of government
101.
loess: fine windblown yellow sail
102.
Lower Egypt: northern part
103.
MAAT: egyptian morals/laws
104.
Mahabharata: india's greatest epic.
105.
maize: native american name for corn
106.
Marco Polo: traveled the work. stayed in china for some time. ways of the west.
107.
Mayans: yucatan peninsula
80 independent cities
13 layers of heaven
9 layers of hell
currency (painted beans, fake money)
108.
Mecca: trading capital city
109.
Medina: "city of the prophets"
110.
mesoamerica: made up of central america and mexico
111.
Mestizos: people of native american and european descent. merchants, laborers, ranch managers, household servants, cooks
112.
Ming Dynasty: forbidden city
113.
missionaries: people sent on a religious mission
114.
Moche: sophisticated farmers
abode structures
ceramics
115.
moksha: union with brahmin
116.
Monsoon: seasonal winds that regularly blow from a certain direction
117.
mosques: houses of worship
118.
Muhammad: born in Mecca
became god's messenger
119.
Mulattoes: people of african and european descent. often salves, sometimes cooks and household servants
120.
mystic: someone who seeks direct communion with divine forces
121.
Native Americans: dying population on their own land. through the encomienda system, forced to work for the conquistadors on their plantations
122.
Nazca: geoglyphs
lake titcaca (bolivia)
123.
Neferti: Akhenaton' wife
124.
Nineveh: largest and wealthiest city (assyrians)
also home to largest library
125.
nirvana: union with the universe
126.
Nomes: villages
127.
Olmec: rainforests
farmers
stone heads
chopped down trees
animals are feared
jaguar temples
128.
oracle bones: animal bones or turtle shells on which shang priests wrote questions addressed to the gods or to the spirit of an ancestor.
129.
Osiris: god of the dead
"devourer of souls"
130.
Pachacuti: inca ruler
131.
Penisulares: the conquistadors. spanish and portuguese who sailed across the vast ocean of opportunities and gold. highest position
132.
Persians: tolerant and respectful
KING CYRUS
11 years, all of fertile crescent
freed the jews
the old testament was written during this time
133.
Philosophy: system of ideas
134.
Phoenicians: "gypses"
island of tyre
sea snail guts= purple dye
22 symbols = alphabet
135.
Polytheism: belief in more than one god
136.
Qin Dynasty: Shi Huangi was the ruler
built the great wall
stopped huns
banned confucius
gave china its name
built highways
book burning
terra cotta army
137.
Queen Ahotep: Drove out the invaders (First dynasty)
138.
Queen Ahotep & Kamoses: drove out the invaders (first dynasty)
139.
Queen Hatshepsut: cross dresser
ruled like a man
140.
Queen Hatshepsut: First queen to be pharaoh, 22 years of peace, ruled like a man
141.
Quran: sacred texts
142.
Rajah: a leader of an aryan tribe
143.
Rajah: skilled war leader in aryan society
144.
Ramayana: indian epic. teachers values of behavior
145.
Ramayana and Mahabharata: long epic poems in sanskrit
146.
reincarnation: rebirth of soul in another bodily form
147.
sects: subgroups
148.
Shang Dynasty: first to have written word. 30,000 characters
149.
Sharia: a body of law that includes interpretation of the quran
150.
Shi Huang Di: determined to end the divisions that had splintered zhou china. conquered most of the warring states.
151.
Shiites: followers of Ali
believed that true successors are the descendants of ali and muhammad's daughter, Fatima
152.
Shotoku: sent people (scholars) to china to learn everything
153.
Siddhartha: hindu, ruler, family
saw poor peasants
contemplate life
154.
Silla Dynasty (Korea): buddhism grows
national Confucianism universities
civil service exams, (rich people= exception)
peasant rebellion
155.
stela: tall stone monuments
156.
Subcontinent: large landmass that juts out from a continent
157.
Sudras: slaves servants
158.
Sumer: wheel, plow, sailboat
cuneiform= 600 symbols
polytheistic, zuggurates= temples
159.
Sunni: successors are called caliphs and are viewed as political leaders. without any divine or prophetic functions.
160.
teotihuacan: gods were centered at this city (aztecs)
161.
The middle passage: floating cofins
1 million slaves in total
162.
Thutmose: Hatshepsut's step-son, invaded syria 15 times, gold, slaves, cattle
163.
Tian Shan: blocked the easy movement of people in China
164.
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade: europe, africa, and america trading in the 1500s
165.
tribute: payment from conquered peoples
166.
Two sects of buddhism: thervada buddhissm and mahayana buddhism
167.
Upper Egypt: southern part
168.
vaisyas: merchants, farmers, etc. in aryan society
169.
Vedas: a collection of gyms, charts, ritual instructions, and other religious teachings
170.
Veneration: special regard for
171.
veneration: special regard for something
172.
warlords: military rulers
173.
what am i: hungry
174.
Wu-di (Wu-ti): ruler of han dynasty
175.
Yathrib: journey known as the hijra
176.
Zen Buddhism: nirvana
no caste system
177.
Zhou: confusionism
3 philosophers
feudalism
