Anthro 101 Ch 3
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Science | a systematic field of study that aims, through experiment, observation, and deduction, to produce reliable explanations of phenomena with reference to the material and physical world; its theories are subject to falsification. |
| Humanities | academic disciplines that study the human condition (human experience, thought, culture), using methods that are primarily analytical, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural sciences. |
| Single Case Analysis | in-depth studies of a particular community or cultural practice. |
| Comparative Study | comparing a selected characteristic in different societies. |
| Archaeological Research | primarily team-based research; studies archaeological remains to reconstruct how people lived; both excavation and systematic survey perspectives. |
| Excavation | local research; entails mapping a site, digging test pits, erecting a grid, and careful excavation. |
| Systematic Surveys | regional research, gathers information on settlement patterns over a large area to locate sites, determine their proximity and relationships to each other, determine their size, age, and features. |
| Biological Anthropological Research | includes genetic or molecular analysis in lab, studying primate behavior (primatology), excavating human remains (paleoanthropology), and researching modern human physiology and adaptations. |
| Linguistic Anthropological Research | includes formal analysis of language, particular concern for documenting "endangered" languages, charting changes in language use, and examining the relationship of language to culture (sociolinguistics). |
| Cultural Anthropological Research | first-hand, personal study usually by a single ethnographer; holistic-gathers data on as many aspects of life as possible, long-term, collaborative-engaged in with the consent and participation of local people, quantitative and qualitative, archival and historical research. |
| Participant-Observation | observing and living with another culture. |
| Genealogical Method | making kinship charts to show biological/cultural relation. |
| Cultural Consultant | a local who acts as a guide of the region in study. |
| Emic | insider's perspective. |
| Etic | outsider's perspective. |
| Ethnographic Present | writing about people as though they were stuck in time or static; anthropologists today try to avoid this. |
| Salvage Ethnography | idea that anthropologists work to beat Western expansion before civilizations get wiped out and forgotten. |
| Interpretive Ethnography | has a literary and criticism influence, treats cultures as texts, rejects scientific objectivity and empiricism. (Clifford Geertz) |
| Experimental Ethnography | has a postmodern influence (post-WWII), critical theory, questions author-ity, dialogic. |
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