| Term | Definition |
|---|
| deformation | the change in the shape or structure of the earth's crust |
| ductile | ability of a rock to move without breaking |
| stress | forces that act on a rock to cause deformation |
| what causes folding? | compressional stress |
| what is a thrust fault? | when the hanging wall goes over the footwall |
| what are the three main types of stress? | compressional-the squeezing together of rocks/ tention-the pulling apart of rocks/ shear- the stretching of rocks in different horizontal directions |
| what are the three types of folding? | monocline-one side is higher than the other. anticline-and upward bulge in a rock syncline-downward bulge in a rock |
| what is a fault? | when rocks on either side of a fracture move opposite ways |
| what is the difference between a fracture and a fault? | a fracture becomes a fault when the rocks on either side of a rock move opposite ways |
| name the three parts of a fault | fault plane-the fracture line of a fault hanging wall-the rocks above the fault plane footwall-the rocks below the fault plane |
| name the three faults | normal fault-when the hanging wall moves downward in relation to the footwall reverse fault-when the hanging wall moves upward in relation to the footwall lateral fault-when shear stress causes side to side movement on a vertical fault plane |
| what type of fault is a thrust fault? | reverse fault |
| what is a pluton? | when magma rises up to the surface and solidifies |
| what is a batholith? | large plutons that that form at the surface with an exposed top |
| name, describe, and give an example of the two types of plateaus | basalt plateau-formed by molten rock rising to the surface and flooding through the cracks (tibetan plateau) normal plateau-formed next to a mountain range and made by same force that produced the mountain |
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