History Midterm
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Created by:
criccardi13 on January 13, 2012
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91 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Tributes | in the roman republic they represented the poor people |
| Nero | bad emperor of Rome; set fire to Rome and blamed enemies |
| B.C.E. | Before the Common Era |
| B.C. | Before Christ |
| A.D. | In the year of our lord |
| Virgil | famous roman who wrote epic poems; most famous is Aeneid |
| Constantinople | was the capital of the Byzantine Empire |
| Jesus Christ | Son of God |
| Artisan | a craftsman; ex. Cobbler, blacksmith |
| Veto | Latin for "I forbid" |
| Cannon Law | church law or Law of the church |
| Icon | statue or picture that stands for a religious figure |
| Stoics | when you shouldn't show a lot of emotion being calm |
| Capita | When you use money to bring you more money |
| Caste | another name for class; rich or poor |
| Usury | is to charge interest in loans |
| Marathon | when the guy named Pisiteris ran from marathon to Athens and proclaimed the Greeks stopped the Persians then dropped dead |
| Papal states | areas owned and controlled by the church and owned by the church in present day Italy. |
| Crusader states | just east of Mediterranean Sea which were 4 states captured by the crusaders |
| Joan of Ark | peasant girl; influenced the prince of France to lead troops and helped stop the English from conquering France. English then captured her and she was burned to the stake. 1200 she became a saint |
| Ashophcles | wrote tragedies |
| Pogroms | systematic violence against any group of people |
| Flying buttress | the large arch supports outside gave the apothic churches the ability to have larger windows and lighter walls |
| Long bow | English were able to use the long bow to pierce the armor of French knights and nobles while the crossbow the French used was not as powerful |
| Holy Roman Emperor | lasted about 1000 years, first emperor was Otto |
| Tudors | English Royal family established by Henry 7 |
| Florence | the central place of the renaissance |
| Rafael | famous renaissance painter who painted Mary |
| Leonardo de Vinci | famous inventor/painter who painted the last supper and the Mona Lisa |
| Babylon captivity | when there is no pope in Rome but 1 in Avignon |
| Heretics | is when someone who speaks out against the church or whatever is the most common idea |
| Sub-infeudation | is when some lower levels of feudalism (someone's a lord and a vassal) |
| Three field system | When they leave 1/3 of the field to restore instead of half |
| Medieval university | found by cathedrals; generally the smart people where in the church |
| St Thomas Aquinias | A famous scholastic philosopher who tried to prove the bible with reason |
| Black Death | the plague |
| Richard the lion the heart | richard I of england was captured by the Muslims |
| Humanist | menwho believed that man could achieve things during there life time |
| Darma and Karma | darma is the idea that if you do your duties then you get karma which is reward of punishment in your next life |
| Mecca | Center of the religion of Islam |
| House of Commons and the House of Lords | British parliament |
| Medici's | Big banking family in Florence |
| Virgil | the idea that if you killed a more important person then the punishment is worse if you instead killed a peasant |
| Indict | to kick an area out of the church |
| Excommunication | is to kick and individual out of the church |
| Humanities | people who studies mathematics, writing, language |
| Counsel of Constance | brought an end to the great schism |
| Pietia | painted a chapel ceiling |
| Frescos | paintings done on the wall; literally painting the wall |
| Spain | Ferdinand and Isabella united Modern day Spain |
| Magna Carta | John I of England signed this document that limited his power |
| Hypocrites | Greek guy, wrote and oath for doctors that they should heal people |
| War of the Roses | Middle 1400's; decided which family should rule England Henry VII prevailed |
| Punic Wars | war fought by the Catharage and Rome; Rome was the winner |
| Five pillars | basic responsibility of the Muslim religion |
| Diocleasian | Split the Roman Empire into East and West |
| Twelve Tables | laws of the Roman Republic |
| Barefoot at Canossa | Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, got the pope pissed so Mr. Pope excommunicated Henry. Henry went to Mr. Pope dressed as a peasant and wore no shoes when he asked forgiveness. Gregory VII in mista Pope |
| Peloponnesian League | war between Athens and Sparta (plus other city states); Sparta |
| Huns | Asian people invaded the Roman Empire. Attila the Hun was the leader |
| Theocracy | when the church and the state are the same thing |
| Council of Trent | were major decisions of the catholic church where made |
| Mercantilism | philosophy that the richer the country the more powerful |
| Peace of Augsburg | German princes could choose what religion they wanted |
| Angelatin Church | the church of England |
| Edict of Nance | gave religious freedom to protestants in France |
| Indulgences | when you pay the church to get out of hell |
| Martin Luther | started protestant reformation |
| Machiaveli | Italian political philosopher who told princes that you shouldn't rule with morals "the end justifies the mean" |
| Philip II of Spain | sent the Spanish armada to England and tried to promote Catholicism |
| Henry VIII of England | takes England out of the catholic church just so he could divorce his wife |
| Salvation through Faith | you didn't need to go to church, receive sacraments to go to heaven just believe in God |
| Arasmis | stressed that religion should be a personal thing laid the egg that Luther hatched about |
| Justification by faith | Martin Luther's concept that faith alone is enough to bring salvation |
| Gutenburg | invented the printing press; helped spread ideas |
| Lorenzo Medici | powerful member of the Medici family |
| Jesuit | Ignatius tried to spread Catholicism |
| Latitude | an imaginary line around the Earth parallel to the equator |
| Encondria | gave men rights to control land in the new world |
| Patroon | name for a Dutch land owner in America |
| Entrhopuer | someone who tries to make money |
| Bartholomeu Diaz | sailed on the coast of South Africa by Cape Cod, from Portugal |
| Jack Cartier | explored around the Mississippi river |
| Balboa | founded the Pacific Ocean |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | he sponsored the Portuguese exploration |
| John Calvin | created Calvinism which states that everything you do has be planned by god |
| Counter Reformation | the Catholic Church tried to make themselves better and stop people from switching to protestant |
| Middle Passage | black slaves coming from Africa to America |
| Reconquisa | In regards to Spain when the Christians drove the Muslims out of Spain |
| Counsel of Clermont | this is where the Mr. Pope called for the crusades |
| Scholasticism | proving the crap in the bible by reasoning and science |
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