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Hubris and Punishment overweening pride or arrogance is the main character flaw in Greek characters. Trying to be too close to Gods Capricious gods "They kill us for their sport" Catharsis tragic flaw; emotional purging of the soul (ex. greed) Deus ex Machina "god from the machine" - fake ending (Plot contrivances in Moliere) Dionysus God of wine and fertility World View of Greek Theater Humanism/Nihilism Greek Chorus take a side, foreshadow, & mirror the audience's emotions Satire from Satyr plays political comedies Domestic Comedy focused on pitfalls of romances (Plautus based his plays on Greek new Comedy) Stock Characters influenced Commedia dell'Arte characters by developing recognizable stereotypes Pragmatic The world view of Roman Theater is _________ The Globe Burbage brothers began building this across the Thames river in 1599. Shakespeare became 1/8 owner Expansive Humanism and Nihilism World view of Shakespeare's Theater Personality Shakespeare invented ___________. Tartuffe A play about religious hypocrisy by Moliere Women on stage first appearance of _______ __ ______ began in English Restoration Theater Comedies of Manners poke fun at the social conventions of the upper classes Melodrama Good triumphs in good vs. evil in these modern plays Greek theater _____ _______ gave us Dionysian rituals, tragedy, comedy and satire, tragic flaws Roman theater _____ _______ gave us domestic comedy and bloody tragedies Shakespearean theater ______ _______ gave us human personality in real people, psychological motivations, exalted humanism & nihilism, poetic dialogue that transcended human emotion 18 __th Century theater gave us comedy of manners 19 __th Century theater gave us many new forms of drama, including melodrama, realistic & tragic-comedy Eugene O'Neill avoided melodrama, sparseness of style, honesty of emotion, saw the stage as a literary medium Eugene O'Neill only playwright to win a nobel prize Eugene O'Neill wrote Long Day's Journey into Night Tennesse Williams used lyricism in dialoge (poetic imagery in language)--and memory play: used the arrest of time Arthur Miller conscience of American theater, & used paradox (bc of his hidden son) Edward Albee well crafted work, unsympathetic look on modern life Arthur Miller hid his son bc he had down syndrome; wrote no great plays after his son's birth The Crucible detailed story of extraordinary tragedy in the lives of ordinary people the girls were lying Mary Warren confesses that ___ ____ ____ _____. killer yellow bird Abigail undermines Mary's testimony by pretending to see a ______ ______ ____. He confesses his adultery The desperate action Proctor takes: She cannot tell a lie What does Proctor tell Danforth about his wife, Elizabeth? She lies What happens when Elizabeth is brought into the courtroom? God is dead you are raising up a whore Proctor says when all seems lost after Mary Warren gives her allegiance back to Abigail that "___ __ ____" and that "___ ___ _______ __ _ _____" confess Hale wants Elizabeth to get Proctor to ________ in the final scene She forgives him, and she asks for her forgiveness How do Proctor & Elizabeth reconcile? name Proctor changes his mind at the very end so that his sons won't cary his ____. Edward Albee Father producer of Keith/Albee vaudeville theater chain Albee Who's plays are unsympathetic examinations of modern conditions? Exorcism In "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" in the 3rd act this is how Albee ends the fake child persona Paul Robeson Son of runaway slave, All-American, Law Degree. Eugene O'Neill saw him & gave him roles in "Emperor Jones, Hary Ape". Had a concert & recording career Greek theater _____ _______ chorus is like today's musical theater chorus bc they both provide exposition, foreshadowing, & reflect the audience's emotions recitative __________ opera is dialoge mixed w/ song aria _______ opera is all song The Black Crook 1866- 1st "Accidental" Musical March of the Amazons song w/ French ballet dancers in flesh-colored tights Gilbert and Sullivan Operetta- British team writing light-hearted song/story format patter songs fast paced rhyming song; joke in the song George M. Cohan first great American song-and-dance man from Vaudeville who wrote the earliest American musicals--developed unique musical performance style-athletic Yankee Doodle Dandy, Give my Regards to Broadway George M. Cohan's two most famous songs AABA song structure George M. Cohan developed this vaudeville genre of variety entertainment prevalent on the stage burlesque baudy/sexual humor Book musical narrative driven musical concept musical atmosphere driven musical Florenz Ziegfeld and the Ziegfeld Follies SPECTACLE & MUSICAL REVUES: he created musical revues w/ comic sketches, songs/dances/ & lavish spectacles Irving Berlin MUSICAL REVUES: His popular music served as the social barometer for much of the 20th century America; self taught musician-played only the black keys Cole Porter set new standards for sophistication & wit- made theater safe for sex WIT white marriage: w/ a gay man and woman 1940s to 1960s Golden age of broadway musicals Rodgers and Hammerstein greatest composer/lyricist duo in US musical history (Oklahoma "Oh what a beautiful morning") Stephen Sondheim apprenticeship w/ oscar hammerstein (did lyrics for West Side Story) Sweeney Todd the Demon Barber of Fleet Street Sondheim's masterpiece Doubt and A chorus Line biggest concept musicals spectacle 1980's was defined by Cameron Mackintosh producer of musical theater Stanislavski, Anton Chekhov, Nemirovich Danchenko original founding partner of Moscow Art Theater Konstantin Stanislavski author of The Method- russian actor/director David Garrick influenced the imagination of the actor, credibility convincing Method: Make outward behavior ____________. character Method: Inner needs of ___________. continuous Character's life must be _______________. techniques of the Method observation, concentration, circle of attention, attention to specifics the magic if psychophysical actions- purposeful actions to fulfill the character's needs actions The actor MUST NOT play emotions- must play ________. emotions actions lead to __________. (not the other way around) The "Spine" & the "Super-Objective" director the __________ must visualize & orchestrate bombastic 18th century had a _____________ acting style. claques paid ___________ were audience members paid to clap star system through this, actors addressed lines to the audience rather than each other producer/director Greek CHOREGUS/Roman DOMINUS David Garrick actor/manager of Drury Lane Theater in 1780's- he banished spectators from the stage, and abolished the star system The Duke of Saxe Meiningen had a single controlling artistic vision (1874) Harold Prince director of Sweeny Todd ___________ Hugh Wheeler Sweeny Todd book is by __________ horror and musical What are the two genres of Sweeney Todd no break in the score Sondheim's score for Sweeney Todd is "thorough-composed" that means there is Operetta What influence of Gilbert & Sullivan can be found in Sondheims' "Little Priest" Sweeney Todd & Judge Turpin Who sings the duet "Pretty Women" Sweeney Todd & Mrs. Lovett Who sings the duet "A Little Priest" revenge What is the scheme of Sweeney Todd Lucy Who is the Beggar woman? Mrs. Lovett Who does Todd kill before he is murdered? Tobias Who kills Todd in the end?