1.
Alien Act: The President could expel an ailien thought to be dangerous to the country; hareder for immigrants to become citizens
2.
Bank of the United States: (1791) the gov't deposited money from taxes in turn the bank issued paper money to pay the government's bills and to make loans to farms and businesses
3.
bond: a certificate that promises to repay the money loans plus interest on a certain date
4.
Cabinet: 5 executive department: Department of State, Department of Treasury, Department of War, the Attornery General and
Postmaster General
5.
Democratic Republicans aka Republicans: Jefferson supporters; small farmers, artisans and some wealthy planter
6.
faction: opposing groups winthin parties
7.
Farewell Address: Washingtion advised Americans against becoming involved with European affairs
8.
Federal or State Power - Hamilton: wanted the federal government to have greater power thansate government; a stroung federal government was needed to increase commerce
9.
Federal or State Power - Jefferson: wanted as small a federal government as possible, in order to protect individual freedom; he feared that a strong federal government might take over powers that the Constitution gave to the state
10.
Federalists: Hamilton supporters; they wanted a strong federal government; merchants and manufacturers
11.
foreign policy: the acitons that the nation takes in relation to other nations
12.
French Revolution: an attack on the Bastille; the revolution toppled the monarch and lead to the excutions of thousands of French citizens
13.
frigates: fast sailing ships with many guns
14.
Hamilton Plan: gov't buy up all bond; then issue new bonds to pay off all ones; as economy improved gov't would be able to pay off new bonds
15.
inauguration: the ceremony in which the president officially take the oath of office
16.
Jay's Treaty: called for Britain to pay damages for the seized American ships; Britain also agreed to give up the forts it held in the West
17.
John Jay: was the first Chief Justice
18.
Judiciary Act: Called for the Supreme Court to consist of one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices; also set up a system of district and circuit courts
19.
Kentucky and Virginia resolution: claimed that each state has an equal right to judge for itself whether a law is constitutional; the state has a right to nullify that law within its border if found unconstitutional
20.
Manufacturing or Farming - Hamilton's views: Hamilton - encouraged manufacturing and traded; US should model itself after Britain; favored the growth of cities and merchant class. Jefferson -
21.
Manufacturing or Farming - Jefferson's views: farmer were the backbone of the new nation; feared the manufacturing would corrupt the US by concentrating power in the hands of a small group of wealthy Americans
22.
Napolean Bonaparte: he had not time for a war with the US; he sined an agreement to stop seizing American ships
23.
national debt: the total amount of money that the government owes to others
24.
neutral: not taking sides in a conflict
25.
Neutrality Proclamation: April 1793, stated that the United States would not support either side of the war
26.
nullify: cancel a law passed by the federal gov't
27.
precedent: an act or decision that sets an example for others to follow
28.
protective tariff: a tariff meant to protect local industry from foreign competition
29.
Sedition: stirring up rebellion against a government
30.
Sedition Act: citizens could be fined or jailed if they criticized the govenment or its officials
31.
speculator: someone who invest in a risky venture in the hopes of making large profit
32.
state's right: the states possesed all other powers not listed in the Constitution
33.
Strict or Loose Interpretation of the Constitution - Hamilton: preferred a loose interpretation; the Constitution gave Congress the power to make all laws to carry out its duties; Bank was necessary for the gov't to collect taxes and pay its bills
34.
Strict or Loose Interpretation of the Constitution - Jefferson: worried that the national bank would give too much power to wealthy investors who would help run it and to the gov't
35.
tariff: a tax
36.
unconstitutional: not permitted by the Constitution
37.
Whiskey Rebellion: a protest caused by tax on liquor; it tested the will of the government, Washington's quick response showed the government's strength and mercy
38.
XYZ affair: in 1797, French attempts to bribe the US by demaing payment before talks could begin on the issue of French seizure of neutral American ships
