Section 3. Middle and New Kingdoms Egypt
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Middle Kingdom | A period of order and stability in Egpt that lasted until 1750 BC, during rule of Mentuhotep |
| New Kingdom | The period during which Egypt reached the height of its power and glory, conquest and trade brought tremendous wealth, 1550 BC and 1050 BC |
| Trade routes | Paths followed by traders |
| Queen Hatshepsut | Dressed like man and ruked after Thutmose II her half-brother husband died, worked to increase trade, built monuments, temple for her in Thebes, after she died they destroyed her monuments, people did not like a woman as ruler |
| Ramses the Great | Pharaoh of Egpyt, longest reign, fought And defated Hittites and signed peace treaty with them, after he died, they lost empire in Asia and Egypt never regained its power |
| Hyksos | End of Middle Kingdom, the group from Southeast Asia that invaded and conquered Lower Egypt , which they ruled for 200 years |
| Ahmose | From Thebes, he drove the Hyksos out of Egypt and declared himself King of Egypt, starting the 18th Dynasty and New Kingdom |
| How Egyptians built their empire | Egyptians took control of all possible invasion routes including homeland of Hyksos, Syria, Kush, caused growth of trade |
| How Egypt became rich | Military conquests, kingdoms it conquered sent treasures to Egypt to maintain good relations |
| Scribes | Honored, worked for government and temples, kept records and acounts for state, did not pay taxes, wealthy. (just beneath priests and government officials in society) |
| Tehenu | People who tried to invade Egypt that were fought off by Ramses and forts he built |
| Sea Peoples | Invaders who Egyptians fought for 50 years, little is known about them |
| Artisans | Beneath scribes in aocial structure, sculptors, builders, carpenters, jewelers, worked for govt and temples, made furniture, pottery, jewelry, footwear |
| Architects | Designed temples, could become high government officials |
| Artists | Employed by state or temples, painted detailed pictures in tombs |
| Soldiers | Egypt had a peofessional army, recieved land as payment, could keep treasure from war |
| Farmers | Bottom of social scale, majority of Egypt's population, gave crops to pharaoh as taxes, could be made to build pyramid, fightin wars, mine gold |
| Slaves | Considered lower than famers, had some legal rights, could sometimes earn their freedom |
| Contracts | Binding legal agreements |
| Family | Important to marry young and have kids |
| Egyptian women | Some had jobs outside of home, priestesses and artisans, had some legal rights, could own property, divorce husbands, |
| Egyptian children | Played with toys, ballgames and hunted. Most boys and girls went to school, boys left at 14 to enter fathers profession |
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